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1、定语从句attributiveclausesHeismystudent.Mystudentworksveryhard.Heismystudent.Mystudentworksveryhard.whoworksveryhard.Xinxiangisacity.ThecityliesinthenorthofHenan.XinxiangisacitythatliesinthenorthofHN.定从必备特征1.先行词+引导词+从句2.先行词和引导词具有意义重复的特点。3.引导词与从句形成完整的句子。即,先行词可以和从句形成完整的句子。关系词的分类:1.关系代词关系代词在
2、定语从句中做主语,宾语,表语和定语,常用的关系代词有:who,that,which,whom,whose2.关系副词关系副词在定语从句中做状语,常用的关系副词有:when,where,why.1.who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,可省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithismyteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.2.whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,可省略。Theman(whom)InodedtoisMr.Li.3.which指物,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时,可省略。These
3、arethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyears.Thisrecorder(which)heisusingismadeinJapan.4.that指人或物,在定语从句中做主语或宾语。作宾语时,可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.5.whose指人或物,在定语从句中作定语,不可省略。Thisisthelittlegirlwhoseparentswerekilledinthegreatearthquake.Weliveinahousewhosewindowsf
4、acesouth.关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主格,宾格whom人宾格which物主格,宾格that人或物主格,宾格,表语whose人或物定语关系代词用法注意点1.that和which都可指物,但以下情况只能用that,不能用which。1)当先行词有人又有物时。如:Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout.2)当先行词为不定代词all,one,few,little,no,some,any,anything,nothing,somthing,everything,none
5、等时ThisisallthatIwantfromtheschool.3)当先行词被theonly,just,thevery,oneof,right,last,much,any等词修饰时。如ThisistheverybookthatIamlookingforthesedays.4)当先行词被形容词的最高级修饰时。如:TheTVtoweristhehighestbuildingthathasbeenbuiltinthiscity.5)当先行词被序数词修饰时,如:ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwillneverbeforgotten.6)当主句是以
6、who或which开始的特殊疑问句时,如:Whoistheboythatwonthegoldmedal?7)有两个定语从句时,其中一个关系代词以用which,另一个宜用that。Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthingsthatcouldcausepollution.8)当先行词有such或有thesame修饰,先行词和关系代词指同一物时。如:Sheiswearingthesamedressthatsheworeyesterday.9)先行词是集体名词时,多用thatHewantstojointhetea
7、mthatwonthegame.2.that和who都可指代人,但下面的情况下用who,不用that1)当先行词是指人的不定代词时,如one,anyone,noone,nobody,anybody,none,those,people等Peoplealllikethosewhohavegoodmanners.2)当先行词有较长的后置定语或被分割的定语从句时ProfessorSmithiscomingsoonwhowillgiveusatalkonhowtolearnEnglish.whose引导定语从句需注意点1)whose与它所修饰的名词在一起可以作介词是宾语。T
8、hebos