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1、ExistentialSentenceThere+be+NP+LocativeExpression(+TemporalExpression)Subject1.Formalsubjectandnotional(real)subjectthedeterminersofnotionalsubjectinclude:(1)theindefinitearticle;(2)thezeroarticle;(3)otherindefinitedeterminerssuchassome,any,no,several,many,much,more,(a)few,(a)little,less,
2、another,alotof,plentyof,anumberof,enough,aswellasthecardinalnumerals.Thenotionalsubjectcanalsoberealizedbysome-,any-,no-compoundssuchassomething,nothing,anyone,etc.Transformfromothersentencepatternsintoanexistentialsentence.1.Verbinthesevenbasicsentencepatternsisprogressiveaspect(进行体)，wec
3、ouldtransformthatintotheexistentialsentencewith–ingparticipleSV：Atreeisfalling.→Thereisatreefalling.ＳＶＣ：Acomputerwasavailable.→Therewasacomputeravailable. Anewfilmwillbeon.→Therewillbeanewfilmon.ＳＶＯ：Noonewasgreetinghim.→Therewasnoonegreetinghim.ＳＶＯＯ：Agirlhasbeentellingmehertroubles.→There
4、hasbeenagirltellingmehertroubles.ＳＶＣ：Someoneispaintingthedoorgreen.→Thereissomeonepaintingthedoorgreen.ＳＶＡ：Isanyoneintheroom?→Isthereanyoneintheroom?ＳＶＯＡ：Manyworkershavebeenbuildingthebridgesincethen. →Therehavebeenmanyworkersbuildingthebridgesincethen.2.Verbisnotprogressiveaspect,transfo
5、rmthatintorelativeclauseNoonecamehere.→Therewasnoonewhocamehere. Imustvisitafriend.→ThereisafriendImustvisit.3.Thesubjectisthenounphrasewithgenericreference（类指)，transformthatintodoublenegativestructure Aplantneedslightandwater.→Thereisnoplantthatdoesnotneedlightorwater. →(误)Thereisaplantt
6、hatneedslightandwater.2.OmissionofformalsubjectOnthehill(there)standsatemple.Inthevalley(there)liesastream.3.Subject-verbconcordThereisanoldworker,twoteachersandtenstudentsinourgroup.Thereisnotonlyamotherbutalso5babiesthatarebeinglookedafterthere.4.Introductorytherevs.frontedadverbTherear
7、etoomanypeoplehere.(introductorythere)Thereareourfriends.(initialadverb)Predicator1.VerbbeThereisacinemaherebeforethewar.Therecanbeverylittledoubtabouthisguilt.Therecan’thavebeenmuchtrafficsolateatnight.2.Somefixedcollocationbegoingto,beto,becertain/sureto,belikelyt
