《系统解剖学》ppt课件

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1、内脏学splanchnology福建医科大学人体解剖学与组织胚胎学王玮教授splanchno-内脏splanchnodynia内脏痛内脏学splanchnology概述内脏viscera包括消化系统、呼吸系统、泌尿系统、生殖系统内脏一般结构中空性器官、实质性器官胸部标志线和腹部分区胸部标志线腹部分区胸部标志线前正中线胸骨线锁骨中线胸骨旁线腋前线腋后线腋中线肩胛线后正中线腹部标志线和分区两横线两垂线分九区左季肋区、腹上区、右季肋区左腹外侧区、脐区、右腹外侧区左髂区、腹下区、右髂区一横线一垂线分四区左上腹、右上腹

2、左下腹、右下腹消化系统AlimentarySystem⒈Alimentarycanal⒉DigestiveglandsInternalStructuresofthemouthⅠInternalStructuresofthemouthⅡ淡红舌黄糙苔：舌质淡红，舌苔黄燥。舌苔furoftongue正常人的舌背上有一层薄白而润的苔状物，叫舌苔。由脱落的角化上皮．唾液．细菌．食物碎屑及渗出的白血细胞等组成。齿痕舌：舌质略红，舌体胖大而齿痕，舌中间有纵裂，苔薄白而颗粒粗松。SalivaryGlandsandtheirA

3、ssociatedDuctsparotitisNumberandtypesofAdultTeethLocationandTypesofDeciduousTeethGITractFunctionsMouth:IngestionTeeth:MasticationSalivaryGlands:Water:MoistensFoodMucus:LubricatesandbindsfoodintobolusAmylase:Startsbreak-downofStarchandGlycogenLinguallipase:S

4、tartsbreakdownoflipidsBicarbonate(HCO3):Bufferingactionneutralizesacidicfoodinthemouthpharynx位置和形态（1）位置（2）形态分部（1）鼻咽nasopharynx（2）口咽Oropharynx（3）喉咽Laryngopharynx咽壁肌esophagus位置和分部（1）位置（2）分部颈部、胸部、腹部三个狭窄部：第一、食管起始处第二、与左主支气管交叉处第三、通过膈的食管裂孔处smallintestine分部十二指肠；空肠；

5、回肠LargeIntestineRectum+AnalCanalRectumdescendsintopelvisnoteniaecolilongitudinalmusclelayercompleterectalvalvesAnalCanalpassesthroughlevatoranimusclereleasesmucustolubricatefecesInternalanalsphincterinvoluntary,smoothm.Externalanalsphinctervoluntary,skeleta

6、lm.StratifiedsquamosalepitheliumatlowerhalfLiverLargestgland(3lbs)LocationUpperRightQuadrantMostlyunderribcageHighlyvascularSomefunctionsproducebilepickupglucosedetoxifypoison,drugsmakebloodproteinsmanyothersGallBladderPancreasNamesgivehints!Hepato=liverPan

7、creatico=pancreasCystic=gallbladderGastro=stomachSplenic=spleenAdreno=adrenalglLumbar=lumbarregionEpiploic=membrane-coveredMesenteric=mesenteryDuodenal=duodenumIleo=ileumColic=colonRectal=rectum呼吸系统RespiratorySystemNoseOnlyexternallyvisiblepartoftherespirat

8、orysystem.Functionsinclude:ProvidinganairwayforrespirationMoisteningandwarmingairFilteringinspiredairServingasaresonatingcenterforspeechHousingtheolfactoryreceptors.SkeletalFrameworkofExternalNoseFashi