[应用密码学]Applied Cryptography

《[应用密码学]Applied Cryptography》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、ForewordByWhitfieldDiffieTheliteratureofcryptographyhasacurioushistory.Secrecy,ofcourse,hasalwaysplayedacentralrole,butuntiltheFirstWorldWar,importantdevelopmentsappearedinprintinamoreorlesstimelyfashionandthefieldmovedforwardinmuchthesamewayasotherspecializeddisciplines.Aslat

2、eas1918,oneofthemostinfluentialcryptanalyticpapersofthetwentiethcentury,WilliamF.Friedman’smonographTheIndexofCoincidenceandItsApplicationsinCryptography,appearedasaresearchreportoftheprivateRiverbankLaboratories[577].Andthis,despitethefactthattheworkhadbeendoneaspartoftheware

3、ffort.InthesameyearEdwardH.HebernofOakland,Californiafiledthefirstpatentforarotormachine[710],thedevicedestinedtobeamainstayofmilitarycryptographyfornearly50years.AftertheFirstWorldWar,however,thingsbegantochange.U.S.ArmyandNavyorganizations,workingentirelyinsecret,begantomake

4、fundamentaladvancesincryptography.Duringthethirtiesandfortiesafewbasicpapersdidappearintheopenliteratureandseveraltreatisesonthesubjectwerepublished,butthelatterwerefartherandfartherbehindthestateoftheart.Bytheendofthewarthetransitionwascomplete.Withonenotableexception,thepubl

5、icliteraturehaddied.ThatexceptionwasClaudeShannon’spaper“TheCommunicationTheoryofSecrecySystems,”whichappearedintheBellSystemTechnicalJournalin1949[1432].ItwassimilartoFriedman’s1918paper,inthatitgrewoutofwartimeworkofShannon’s.AftertheSecondWorldWarendeditwasdeclassified,poss

6、iblybymistake.From1949until1967thecryptographicliteraturewasbarren.Inthatyearadifferentsortofcontributionappeared:DavidKahn’shistory,TheCodebreakers[794].Itdidn’tcontainanynewtechnicalideas,butitdidcontainaremarkablycompletehistoryofwhathadgonebefore,includingmentionofsomethin

7、gsthatthegovernmentstillconsideredsecret.ThesignificanceofTheCodebreakerslaynotjustinitsremarkablescope,butalsointhefactthatitenjoyedgoodsalesandmadetensofthousandsofpeople,whohadnevergiventhematteramoment’sthought,awareofcryptography.Atrickleofnewcryptographicpapersbegantobew

8、ritten.Ataboutthesametime,HorstFeistel,whohadearlierworkedoni