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1、INVITEDPAPERSmartGenerationandTransmissionWithCoherent,Real-TimeDataThebulkpowersystemandpowerapplicationsforwideareameasurementarediscussedinthispaperandasetofbaselinerequirementsfordatadeliverysystemsisderived.ByDavidE.Bakken,SeniorMemberIEEE,AnjanBose,FellowIEEE,CarlH.Hauser,DavidE
2、.Whitehead,SeniorMemberIEEE,andGregaryC.Zweigle,MemberIEEEABSTRACT
3、Inrecentyears,muchofthediscussioninvolvingKEYWORDS
4、Bulkpowersystem;middleware;smartgrid;Bsmartgrids[hasimplicitlyinvolvedonlythedistributionside,synchrophasornotablyadvancedmetering.However,today’selectricsystemshavema
5、nychallengesthatalsoinvolvetherestofthesystem.I.INTRODUCTIONAnenablingtechnologyforimprovingthepowersystem,whichhasemergedinrecentyears,istheabilitytomeasurecoherent,Todayslargepowergridsevolvedduringthemiddleofthereal-timedata.Inthispaper,wedescribemajorchallenges20thcentury,asutilit
6、iesintegratedintolargerpowerfacingelectricalgenerationandtransmissiontodaythatavail-systemsinordertoimprovereliability.Insuchastructure,abilityofthesemeasurementscanhelpaddress.Weoverviewanentiregrid,suchastheUSAEasternGrid,operatesatapplicationsusingcoherent,real-timemeasurementsthat
7、arethesamefrequency,andsupplyanddemandmustbeba-inusetodayorproposedbyresearchers.Specifically,wede-lancedinreal-timeacrosstheentirepowersystem.Relia-scribe,normalize,andthenquantitativelycomparekeyfactorsbilitylimitationsoflargegridsystemsbecameapparentinforthesepowerapplicationsthati
8、nfluencehowthedeliverypartduetoalargeblackoutinthenortheasternUSAandsystemshouldbeplanned,implemented,andmanaged.ThesesoutheasternCanadain1965.Asaresultofthisblackout,itfactorsincludewhetherapersonorcomputerisintheloopandwasrealizedthatutilitiesneedtohavebettervisibilityinto(forbothin
9、putsandoutputs)latency,rate,criticality,quantity,theiroperationsbeyondwhatcanbesensedinacontrolandgeographicscope.Fromthis,weabstractthebaselinecenter.Thisledtoanemphasisinimplementingsuper-communicationsrequirementsofadatadeliverysystemvisorycontrolanddataacquisition(SCADA)inthemosts
10、uppor
