Introduction to transformation grammar

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1、IntroductiontoTransformationalGrammarKyleJohnsonUniversityofMassachusettsFall2007ContentsPrefaceiii1TheSubject11.1Linguisticsaslearningtheory....................21.2Theevidentialbasisofsyntactictheory..............82PhraseStructure172.1SubstitutionClasses..........................182.2Phras

2、es.................................242.3Xphrases................................352.4ArgumentsandModifiers......................482.5DerivingPhraseStructureRules...................593PositioningArguments693.1ObligatorySpecifiers.........................733.2Movement...........................

3、.....763.3TheUnderlyingOrderofComplements..............843.4SmallClausesandtheDerivedSubjectsHypothesis.......903.5ArgumentMovement.........................1023.5.1Passive.............................1023.5.2Raising.............................1063.6QuantifierFloat...........................

4、.1063.7Infinitives................................1183.7.1TheCP/IPstatusofinfinitives...............1213.7.2OntheControlrelation...................1263.7.3ArgumentmovementandPRO...............1343.7.4PROandControl:ASummary...............1473.8ArgumentMovementandatypologyofverbs...........149C

5、ontents4VerbPlacementandFeatures1574.1TheClassicaccount..........................1584.2MovementtoC0............................1674.3VerbSecondwordorder.......................1724.4ThePollockianrevolution......................1814.5AGREE..................................1954.6AGREEandCase..

6、..........................2144.6.1LowSubjects..........................220English.............................220SubjectInversionLanguages................2244.6.2CaseandAgreement.....................2304.6.3AconstraintonAgreement.................2354.7Summary................................

7、2395DeterminerPhrasesandNounMovement2415.1TheDPHypothesis..........................2435.2NounMovement............................2476TheSemanticsofMovement273Bibliography275iiPrefaceThesearethealwaysevolvingnotesfromanintroductorycourseonsyntactictheoryt