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1、Chapter8StressandStrainObjectiveòTointroducetheconceptsofnormalandshearstresses,andtousethemintheanalysisanddesignofmemberssubjecttoaxialloadanddirectshearofmemberssubjecttoaxialloadanddirectshearòTodefinenormalandshearstrain,andshowhowtheycanbedeterminedforvarioustypesofproblemsChapter8Stressand
2、Strain8-8-22IntroductionòMechanicsofmaterialsisabranchofmechanicsthatstdithtudiestherelltihibtationshipbetweenextlternallldoadsappliedtoadeformablebodyandtheintensityofinternalforces(stresses)actingwithinthebody.òItiItinvolvescomputingthedfdeformatitionofthbdfthebody,anditprovidesastudyofthestabi
3、lityofthebodywhhbdibhenthebodyissubjjdectedtoexternalflforces.Chapter8StressandStrain88--33StructuralDesignDesignProcess:òDeterminetheforcesactingbothonandwithinitsvariousmembersbyusitingthhiilftteprinciplesofstatiicsòSelectthetypeofmaterialòCalculatethesizeofthememberbysatisfyingtheallowablestre
4、ssesCalculatethesizeofthememberbysatisfyingtheallowablestressesòCheckthedeflectionandstabilityofthememberManyformulasandrulesfordesignasdefinedinengineeringcodesandManyformulasandrulesfordesign,asdefinedinengineeringcodesandusedinpractice,arebasedonthefundamentalsofmechanicsofmaterials.Chapter8St
5、ressandStrain88--44PropertiesofMaterialsAssumptionsonpropertiesofmaterials:òContinuous→consistsofcontinuumoruniformdistributionofmatterhavingnovoidsòCohesive→allppgortionsareconnectedtogether,,ratherhavinggbreaks,,cracksorseparationsòHomogeneous→hasthesamephysicalandmechanicalpropertiesthhilhroug
6、houtitsvolumeòIsotropic→hasthesamepropertiesinalldirections,i.e.steelòAnisotropic→hashasdifferentpropertiesindifferentdirectionsietimberdifferentpropertiesindifferentdirections,i.e.timberChapter8StressandStrain88--55StressesNormalStress,σTheintensityofforce,orforceperunitarea,actingnormallttoΔAPu
7、ll→tension,Push→compressionShearStress,τTheintensityofforce,orforceperunitareaactingtangenttoΔA.Thefirstsubscrippptspecifiestheorientationofthearea,andthesecondsubscriptreferstothedirectionoftheshearstressGeneralStates
