A Turn to Empire (1)

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1、ATURNTOEMPIREThispageintentionallyleftblankATURNTOEMPIRETHERISEOFIMPERIALLIBERALISMINBRITAINANDFRANCEJenniferPittsPRINCETONUNIVERSITYPRESSPRINCETONANDOXFORDCopyright©2005byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJersey08540Inth

2、eUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,3MarketPlace,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201SYAllRightsReservedLibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataPitts,Jennifer,1970–Aturntoempire:theriseofimperialliberalisminBritainandFrance/JenniferPitts.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferences

3、andindex.ISBN0-691-11558-3(cloth:alk.paper)1.Imperialism—History—18thcentury.2.Imperialism—History—19thcentury.3.GreatBritain—Colonies—History—18thcentury.4.GreatBritain—Colonies—History—19thcentury.5.France—Colonies—History—18thcentury.6.France—Colonies—History—19thcentury.7

4、.Politicalscience—GreatBritain—History.8.Politicalscience—France—History.9.Liberalism—History—18thcentury.10.Liberalism—History—19thcentury.I.Title.JC359.P542005325′.341′01—dc222004059366BritishCataloging-in-PublicationDataisavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinSabon.Printedonac

5、id-freepaper.∞pup.princeton.eduPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654321FormyparentsThispageintentionallyleftblankContentsAcknowledgmentsixAbbreviationsxiiiChapter1Introduction1Liberalism,Pluralism,andEmpire3ScopeandSummary7HistoricalContexts11PART1:CRITICSOFEMPIRE23Chapte

6、r2AdamSmithonSocietalDevelopmentandColonialRule25TheCausesandComplexityofDevelopmentinSmith’sThought27Progress,Rationality,andtheEarlySocialStages34MoralProgressandCommercialSociety41MoralPhilosophyandCross-CulturalJudgments43Smith’sCritiqueofColonies52Chapter3EdmundBurke’sPe

7、culiarUniversalism59TheExclusionsofEmpire59SystematicOppressioninIndia63MoralImagination:EmpireandSocialCriticism71GeographicalMoralityandBurke’sUniversalism77ThePoliticsofExclusioninIreland85BurkeasaTheoristofNationality96PART2:UTILITARIANSANDTHETURNTOEMPIREINBRITAIN101Chapt

8、er4JeremyBentham:LegislatoroftheWorld?103UtilitariansandtheBritishEm