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1、VulnerabilityofReinforced-Concrete-FrameBuildingsandTheirOccupantsinthe2009L’Aquila,Italy,EarthquakeAbbieB.Liel,A.M.ASCE1andKathrynP.Lynch2Abstract:Reinforced-concrete-framebuildings,particularlymidrisemultifamilycondominiumstructures,experiencedsignificantdamageinthe2009L’Aquila,I
2、talyearthquake.Themostfrequentlyobserveddamagewascrackingandfailureofnonstructuralmasonryinfillwalls,butsomebuildingsalsoexperiencedstructuraldamage,includingcolumnshearfailureandcollapse.Fieldworkconductedapproximately3weeksaftertheearthquakewasusedtocollectdatafromapproximately48
3、3concreteframestructuresinL’Aquila,includingbuildinglocation,characteristics,damage,andpostearthquakeoccupancy.Asecondsurvey1yearlaterinvestigatedwhetherbuildingshadbeenrepairedorreoccupied.Theseresultsshowthatthebuildingdamageiscorrelatedtoheight,usage,elevationirregularitiesinstr
4、engthandstiffness,andtheground-shakingintensityateachsite.Thisinformationprovidesthebasisforempiricallyderivedfragilityfunctionsforthistypologyofconcreteframe.Approximately0.2%ofconcretestructurescollapsed.Thestudyalsoshowsthatoccupantsoftallandoldercondominiumstructuresinareasnort
5、handwestofthecitycenterwereparticularlyaffected;single-familyhomeswerelessdamagedandmorelikelytobeoccupiedduringfieldwork.Damagedconcretebuildingshaveledtosignificantdisruptionofthecommunityandsocialfabric,causingthetemporaryorpermanentclosureofsmallbusinesses,medicaloffices,restau
6、rants,churches,andschools.DOI:10.1061/(ASCE)NH.1527-6996.0000047.©2012AmericanSocietyofCivilEngineers.CEDatabasesubjectheadings:Earthquakeengineering;Seismiceffects;Reinforcedconcrete;Concretestructures;Italy.Authorkeywords:Earthquakeengineering;Seismicvulnerability;Nonductilereinf
7、orcedconcretebuildings;Italy.Introduction(Camataetal.2009;Bazzurroetal.2009).Theotherprevalentbuildingtype,reinforcedconcretestructures,experiencedmajorTheL’Aquila,Italyearthquakehadamagnitude(Mw)of6.3andnonstructuraldamageand,inamorelimitedfractionofbuildings,occurredat3:32a.m.onA
8、pril6,2009.Significantdama
