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1、大豆和小麦对土壤中镉的吸收与富集研究赵鲁1，李旭军2*，刘安辉1，吴文强2，叶琰1，张泽1，刘清扬1，蒋增1，许丽1（1轻工业环境保护研究所，北京，100089；2北京市土肥工作站，北京，100029）摘要：在温室条件下，采用盆栽方法研究了大豆和小麦在全镉含量为0.211~2.011mg/kg的土壤中生长状况以及对镉的吸收与富集特征。结果表明，试验所设土壤镉含量对两种作物的株高和单盆籽粒数没有影响。随土壤镉含量的增加，两者单盆产量呈先增加后降低的趋势。大豆籽粒在土壤全镉含量为0.211~0.811mg/kg时，小麦籽粒在土壤全镉含量为1.411~2.011mg/
2、kg时，更容易积累镉。添加镉能明显增加两种作物植株各部分镉含量。外源添加镉对大豆的转移系数影响不明显，但能增加小麦的转移系数。两种作物的富集系数基本表现为根＞茎叶＞籽粒。在土壤全镉含量低于0.511mg/kg时，大豆根和茎的富集系数接近或大于1.0，对镉的吸收较强。在全镉含量高于0.811mg/kg时，小麦茎叶的富集系数接近或大于1.0，对镉的吸收较强。小麦根的富集系数均高于大豆，且大于1.0，前者具有更高的镉富集能力。关键词：大豆小麦镉含量转移系数富集系数UptakeandAccumulationCharacteristicsofCadmiumbySoybea
3、nandWheatinSoilZHAOLu1,LIXu-jun2*,LIUAn-hui1,WUWen-qiang2,YeYan1,ZHANGZe1,LIUQing-yang1,JIANGZeng1,XuLi1(1EnvironmentalProtectionInstituteofLightIndustry,Beijing,100089,China;2BeijingSoilandFertilizerStation,Beijing,100029,China)Abstract:Apotexperimentwasconductedinagreenhouse,tostud
4、ythegrowthcondition,uptakeandaccumulationcharacteristicsofcadmiumbysoybeanandwheatplantedinthesoilwithcadmiumconcentrationof0.211~2.011mg/kg.Theresultsshowedthatnoimpactofsoilcadmiumconcentrationwasfoundontheplantheightandgrainnumbersoftwocrops.Withsoilcadmiumconcentrationincreasing,
5、theyieldperpotofthetwocropsroseinthesoiloflowcadmiumconcentration,andfellinthatofhigh.Itwaseasiertoaccumulatecadmiumforthesoybeanseedinthesoilcadmiumcontentof0.211~2.011mg/kg,andthewheatseedof1.411~2.011mg/kg.Addingofcadmiumincreasedthecadmiumcontentofeachpartofthetwocropplants.Thetr
6、anslocationfactor(TF)ofwheatincreasedduetotheaddingofcadmium,butthatofsoybeanhadnosignificantchange.Thebioconcentrationfactors(BCF)ofthetwocropsareinthefollowingorder:root＞stemandleaf＞grain.Thecadmiumabsorptioncapacityofsoybeanrootandstemwasstrong,andBCFofthemwasabove1.0whenthesoilca
7、dmiumcontentwaslessthan0.511mg/kg.Thecadmiumabsorptioncapacityofwheatleafandstemwasstrong,andBCFofthemwasabove1.0whenthesoilcadmiumcontentwasmorethan0.811mg/kg.TheBCFofwheatrootwasabove1.0andlargerthanthatofsoybean.Thecadmiumabsorptionandaccumulationcapacityofwheatisstrongerthansoybe
8、an.Keywords:
