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1、INVITEDPAPERAntennasforGlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem(GNSS)GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystemreceiveantennatechnologiesarereviewedinthispaper,andthedesignchallengesofthisexcitingareaofantennadesignarediscussed.ByJohnsonJ.H.Wang,LifeFellowIEEEABSTRACT
2、GlobalNavigationSatelliteSystem(GNSS)willin
3、ThepriceofaGPSantennaalsovarieswidely,rangingfromeffectbefullydeployedandoperationalinafewyears,even$4to$8000,sometimeshigherthanthatofthereceiver.withthedelaysinGalileoasaconsequenceofEuropeanUnion’sApplicationofGLONASShasbeenminusculeafterfinancialdifficulties.ThevastlybroadenedGNSSspectra
4、,dissolutionoftheSovietUnion.Recentrecoveryofthespreaddenselyacross1146–1616MHz,versusthenarrowGlobalRussianeconomypropelledbytheoilboomhasenabledPositioningSystem(GPS)L1andL2bands,togetherwithatherevitalizationofGLONASS,whichrestartedfull-constellationofover100MediumEarthOrbit(MEO)andconste
5、llationoperationinApril2011.GeostationaryEarthOrbit(GEO)satellitesversusGPS’24MEOIn2002,theEuropeanUnionstartedtodevelopsatellites,arerevolutionizingthedesignofGNSSreceiveGalileo.Originallytargetedtostartoperationin2008,antennas.Forexample,ahigherelevationcutoffanglewillbeGalileosufferedfrom
6、yearsofdelaysduetofinancialandpreferred.Asaresult,fundamentalchangesinantennadesign,technicaltroubles.In2011,itsdelayedplanwastohavenewfeaturesandapplications,aswellascoststructuresarefullglobalcoveragein2019.Chinabegantodevelopongoing.ExistingGNSSreceiveantennatechnologiesareCompass(Beidou)
7、inthelate1990s,buthasbeenfastreviewedanddesignchallengesarediscussed.movinginrecentyears,andispositionedtohaveafull-fledgedGNSSwithinafewyears[4].KEYWORDS
8、Broadbandantenna;Compass;Galileo;GLONASS;Additionally,GPS,GLONASS,andCompassarealsoGPSantenna;satellitenavigationsystemantennabeingaugmen
9、tedbyGeostationaryEarthOrbit(GEO)satellitestocomplementtheirMediumEarthOrbit(MEO)satellites.SeveralothercountrieshavealsostartedtheirI.INTRODUCTIONVFROMGPSTOGNSSregionalsatellitenavigationsystems,suchasJapan’sQuasi-SincethedeploymentoftheGlobalPosi
