Roof Crash INTRUSIION

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1、ROOFCRUSHROOFCRUSHINTRUSIONINTRUSIONAnexposéoftheweakgovernmentstandardthathasledtomorethanthreedecadesofunnecessaryfatalitiesandcatastrophicinjuriesinrolloveraccidentsbyPaulaLawlorandToddTracyINTROIntroductionDeHaven’sPackagingPrinciplesIn1952,HughDeHaven,whoisoftenref

2、erredtoasthe“FatherofCrashworthinessResearch”,wrotehisseminalpaperonautomobileprotectionconcludingthathumanbodiescouldwithstandforcesofseverecrasheswithoutseriousinjuryordeathiftheywereproperly“packaged”intheirautomobile.Mr.DeHaven’spackagingprinciplesshouldhaveformedth

3、egenesisofoccupantprotectiondesigninvehiclerolloversfordecadestocome.1Thepackageshouldnotopenuporspillitscontentsandshouldnotcollapseunderreasonableorexpectedconditionsofforcethatexposethecontentsinsidetodamage;2Packagingstructureswhichshieldtheinnercontainermustnotbema

4、deofbrittleorfrailmaterials,theyshouldresistforcebyyieldingandabsorbingenergy;3Articlesinsidethepackageshouldbeheldandimmobilizedinsidethestructure;andRestraintofanobjectinsideapackagemustbeachievedbytransmittingforcestothestrongestpartsofthe4packagedobject.1Unfortunate

5、ly,mostvehiclemanufacturersandthegovernmentagencychargedwithprotectingoccupantsofvehicleshaveelectednottofollowDeHaven’scrashworthinessprinciplesinrollovers.Asaresult,thousandsofproperlyrestrainedoccupantseachyeararekilledorseriouslyinjuredwhentheyareliterallycrushedbyt

6、heirroofinarollover.WeakRoofsAreDeadlyDeathsinrolloversIn1970,MurrayMackay,oneofthevehicleindustry’sleadingexperts,concludedthatrolloveraccidentsarethemostbenignformofcollisionbecausethekineticenergyisdissipatedoverlargedistances,incomparisontoheadon,sideandrearimpactco

7、llisions.Yet,in2thelast36years,morepeoplearekilledandseriouslyinjuredinrolloverswhencomparedtotheseothercollisiontypes.Deathsinothertypesofcollisions10,000peopledieeachyearinrolloveraccidents.24,000peoplearecatastrophicallyinjuredeachyearinrolloveraccidents.3Whydorollov

8、erscausesuchahighpercentageofseriousinjuriesHIGHWAYFATALITIESandfatalities?Thisveryquestionhadbeenansweredrepe