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1、小公鸡小鸡狐狸兔子金鱼帆船小猫奔跑渔火三角形梯形长方形平行四边形双箭头多边形雁黄狗机器人推鸭树船房屋小桥乌鸦舞动词时态语态讲解上传:彭荣华 更新时间：2011-11-2012:27:3612.动词的语态 语态有两种：主动语态和被动语态。 主语是动作的发出者为主动语态；主语是动作的接受者为被动语态。1）若宾语补足语是不带to的不定式，变为被动语态 时，该不定式前要加"to"。此类动词为感官动词。feel,hear,help,listento,lookat,make,observe,see,no
2、tice,watchtheteachermademegooutoftheclassroom. -->iwasmadetogooutoftheclassroom(bytheteacher).wesawhimplayfootballontheplayground. -->hewasseentoplayfootballontheplayground.2）情态动词+be+过去分词，构成被动语态。coalcanbeusedtoproduceelectricityforagricultureandindustry.12.
3、1let的用法1）当let后只有一个单音节动词，变被动语态时，可用不带to的不定式。theyletthestrangego.--->thestrangewasletgo.2）若let后宾补较长时，let通常不用被动语态，而用allow或permit代替。thenurseletmegotoseemyclassmateinthehospital.---->iwasallowed/permittedtoseemyclassmateinthehospital.12.2短语动词的被动语态 短语动词是一个整体，不可
4、丢掉后面的介词或副词。thisisaphotoofthepowerstationthathasbeensetupinmyhometown.mysisterwillbetakencareofbygrandma.suchathinghasneverbeenheardofbefore..12.3表示"据说"或"相信"的词组believe,consider,declare,expect,feel,report,say,see,suppose,think,understanditissaidthat…据说itisrep
5、ortedthat…据报道itisbelievedthat…大家相信itishopedthat…大家希望itiswellknownthat…众所周知itisthoughtthat…大家认为itissuggestedthat…据建议itistakengrantedthat…被视为当然ithasbeendecidedthat…大家决定itmustberememberthat…务必记住的是itissaidthatshewillleaveforwuhanontuesday.12.4不用被动语态的情况1)不及物动词或动
6、词短语无被动语态：appear,diedisappear,end(vi.结束),fail,happen,last,lie,remain,sit,spread,stand breakout,cometrue,fallasleep,keepsilence,loseheart,takeplace.afterthefire,verylittleremainedofmyhouse.比较：rise,fall,happen是不及物动词；raise,seat是及物动词。(错)thepricehasbeenrisen.(对)t
7、hepricehasrisen.(错)theaccidentwashappenedlastweek.(对)theaccidenthappenedlastweek.(错)thepricehasraised.(对)thepricehasbeenraised.(错)pleaseseat.(对)pleasebeseated.要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。解决这一问题唯有在学习过程中多留意积累。2)不能用于被动语态的及物动词或动词短语：fit,ha
8、ve,hold,marry,own,wish,cost,notice,watchagreewith,arriveat/in,shakehandswith,succeedin,sufferfrom,happento,takepartin,walkinto,belongtothiskeyjustfitsthelock.yourstoryagreeswithwhathadalreadybeenheard.
