硬膜下血肿双语教学查房

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1、护理教学查房TeachingwardroundofnursingSubduralhematoma硬膜下血肿目录Contents查房目的Purpose1病例汇报Casepresentation23护理措施Nursingintervention665出院指导Healthducation护理诊断Nursingdiagnosis专科知识Specialistknowledge4教学目标TeachingObjectives1、Understandtherelatedknowledgeaboutthesubduralhematoma2、Masternursingdiagnosisand

2、nur-ingmeasuresaboutthesubduralhemat-oma1、理解硬膜下血肿的相关知识2、掌握硬膜下血肿的护理诊断和护理措施教学目标TeachingObjectives3、掌握硬膜下引流的相关知识3、Gettingtoknowtherelatedknowledgeab-outsubduraldrainage病例汇报casereport体格检查PhysicalExaminationT℃Pbeats/minRtimes/minBPmmHggeneral:normaldevelopmentgoodnutritionconsciousness：consciou

3、spupil：Bothsidespupilequalandround,3mmdiameter，Lightreflexsensitivityphysicalexamination：Leftside-autonomicactivity,normalmuscletoneRightside–autonomicactivity,normalmuscletone体温℃脉搏次/分呼吸次/分血压mmHg一般情况：发育正常，营养良好意识—清醒瞳孔：双侧瞳孔等大等圆,直径3mm,对光反射灵敏四肢查体:左侧--自主活动,肌张力正常右侧—自主活动,肌张力正常一、定义DefinitionSubdur

4、alhematomareferstothebleedinginthesubduralspacebetweentheendocraniumandthearachnoid)anditisoneofthecommonintracranialhematomas.Itisdividedintothreetypes,i.e.,acute,subacuteandchronicsubduralhematomas.硬膜下血肿是指出血集聚在硬膜下隙（硬脑膜与蛛网膜之间）的出血，是常见的颅内血肿之一。分急性，亚急性和慢性三种。辅助检查AuxiliaryexaminationCTcheckCT检查

5、二、解剖位置anatomysiteextraduralhematomasubduralhematomaintracerebralhematoma三、病因CauseofdiseaseViolenceorindirectviolentfactors暴力或间接暴力因素四、临床表现Clinicalmanifestation1,Acuteandsubacutesubduralhematomas:disturbanceofconsciousnessoccursfromtheperiodofafewhoursafterinjuryto1-2days;often,increasedintr

6、acranialpressureandcerebralherniasymptoms(headache,nausea,hyperemesis)areprogressivelyaggravatedin1-3days.2,Chronicsubduralhematoma:symptomsofchronicincreasedintracranialpressure:headache,nausea,vomitingandopticdiscedema.1、急性和亚急性硬膜下血肿：伤后数小时至1-2日意识障碍，颅内压增高及脑疝的征象（头痛、恶心、呕吐剧烈）多在1-3日内进行性加重。2、慢性

7、硬膜下血肿：慢性颅内压增高表现：头痛，恶心，呕吐，视神经盘水肿。五、意识状态的评估AssessmentofthestateofconsciousnessGCS评分包括哪几部分内容？五、意识状态的评估AssessmentofthestateofconsciousnessGlasgowRating:最高分为15分，表示意识清楚；12～14分为轻度；9～11分为中度；8分以下为昏迷；最低3分，分数越低则意识障碍越重。六、治疗要点majortreatment处理原则：一经确诊，通常以手术清除血肿。Treatmentprin