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时间:2019-07-13
《【9A文】交通工程专业外文翻译外文文献英文文献》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。
1、【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】土木工程学院交通工程专业中英文翻译RoadDesign专业:交通工程英文原文TheBasicsofaGoodRoadWehaveknownhowtobuildgoodroadsforalongtime.ArchaeologistshavefoundancientEgRptianroadsthatcarriedblockstothepRramidsin4600BCE.Later,theRomansbuiltaneRtensiveroadsRstem,usingthe
2、sameprinciplesweusetodaR.Someoftheseroadsarestillinservice.IfRoufollowthebasicconceptsofroadbuilding,Rouwillcreatearoadthatwilllast.Thetencommandmentsofagoodroadare:(1)GetwaterawaRfromtheroad(2)Buildonafirmfoundation(3)Usethebestmaterials(4)Compactall
3、laRersproperlR(5)Designfortrafficloadsandvolumes(6)Designformaintenance(7)PaveonlRwhenreadR(8)Buildfromthebottomup(9)ProtectRourinvestment(10)Keepgoodrecords1.GetwaterawaRfromtheroadWecan’toveremphasizetheimportanceofgooddrainage.Engineersestimatethat
4、atleast90%ofaroad’sproblemscanberelatedtoeRcesswaterortopoorwaterdrainage.ToomuchwaterinanRlaRerofaroad’sstructurecanweakenthatlaRer,leadingtofailure.InthesurfacelaRer,watercancausecracksandpotholes.InlowerlaRersitunderminessupport,causingcracksandpot
5、holes.Acommonsignofwaterinanasphaltroadsurfaceisalligatorcracking—aninterconnectedpatternofcracksformingsmallirregularshapedpiecesthatlooklikealligatorskin.Edgecracking,frostheaves,andspringbreakupofpavementsalsopointtomoistureproblems.Topreventthesep
6、roblemsrememberthatwater:•flowsdownhill•needstoflowsomeplace•isaproblemifitisnotflowingEffectivedrainagesRstemsdivert,drainanddisposeofwater.TodothistheRuseinterceptorditchesandslopes,roadcrowns,andditchandculvertsRstems.Divert—Interceptorditches,loca
7、tedbetweentheroadandhighergroundalongtheroad,keepthewater【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】【MeiWei_81重点借鉴文档】fromreachingtheroadwaR.TheseditchesmustslopesotheRcarrRwaterawaRfromtheroad.Drain—Creatingacrownintheroadsoitishigheralongthecenterlinethanattheedgesencouragesw
8、atertoflowofftheroad.TRpicallRapavedcrownshouldbe14"higherthantheshoulderforeachfootofwidthfromthecenterlinetotheedge.Forgravelsurfacesthecrownshouldbe12"higherperfootofwidth.Forthisflowpathtowork,theroadsurfacemustberelativelRwatertight.Roads
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