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1、【MeiWei81-优质实用版文档】外文文献翻译译文一、外文原文原文：RiskManagementThischapterreviewsanddiscussesthebasicissuesandprinciplesofriskmanagement,including:riskacceptability(tolerability);riskreductionandtheALARPprinciple;cautionaryandprecautionaryprinciples.Andpresentsacases
2、tudyshowingtheimportanceoftheseissuesandprinciplesinapracticalmanagementconteGt.Beforewetakeacloserlook,letusbrieflyaddresssomebasicfeaturesofriskmanagement.Thepurposeofriskmanagementistoensurethatadequatemeasuresaretakentoprotectpeople,theenvironment,a
3、ndassetsfrompossibleharmfulconsequencesoftheactivitiesbeingundertaken,aswellastobalancedifferentconcerns,inparticularrisksandcosts.Riskmanagementincludesmeasuresbothtoavoidthehazardsandtoreducetheirpotentialharm.Traditionally,inindustriessuchasnuclear,o
4、il,andgas,riskmanagementwasbasedonaprescriptiveregulatingregime,inwhichdetailedrequirementsweresetwithregardtothedesignandoperationofthearrangements.Thisregimehasgraduallybeenreplacedbyamoregoal-orientedregime,puttingemphasisonwhattoachieveratherthanont
5、hemeansofachievingit.Riskmanagementisanintegralaspectofagoal-orientedregime.Itisacknowledgedthatriskcannotbeeliminatedbutmustbemanaged.Thereisnowadaysanenormousdriveandenthusiasminvariousindustriesandinsocietyasawholetoimplementriskmanagementinorganizat
6、ions.TherearehigheGpectationsthatriskmanagementistheproperframeworkthroughwhichtoachievehighlevelsofperformance.Riskmanagementinvolvesachievinganappropriatebalancebetweenrealizingopportunitiesforgainandminimizinglosses.Itisanintegralpartofgoodmanagement
7、practiceandanessentialelementofgoodcorporategovernance.Itisaniterativeprocessconsistingofstepsthat,whenundertakeninsequence,canleadtoacontinuousimprovementindecision-makingandfacilitateacontinuousimprovementinperformance.Tosupportdecision-makingregardin
8、gdesignandoperation,riskanalysesarecarriedout.Theyincludetheidentificationofhazardsandthreats,causeanalyses,consequenceanalyses,andriskdescriptions.Theresultsarethenevaluated.Thetotalityoftheanalysesandtheevaluationsarereferredto
