被动语态的用法

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1、语态一.概念主动语态：表示主语是动作的执行者、发出者。被动语态：表示主语是动作的承受着。如：ManypeoplespeakEnglish.Englishisspokenbymanypeople.二.被动语态的用法1.不知道动作的执行这是谁。Thisjacketismadeofcotton.2.没有必要或不想说出谁是动作的执行者。Manythousandsoftreesmustbeplantedeveryyear.3.强调或突出动作的承受着。Shewasaskedtosingasongyesterday.4.出于礼貌措辞等原因不愿说出动作的执行者。Youareinvitedtoapa

2、rtyateighto’clocktomorrow.三.主动语态变被动语态的方法如图:S+V+OS+be+ved+by+O例如：Scientistsfounddinosaureggs.Dinosaureggswerefoundbyscientists.四.结构：主动形式被动形式一般式dobedonecandocanbedonewilldowillbedone进行时bedoingbebeingdong完成时havedonehasdonehaddonehavebeendonehasbeendonehadbeendone1.WestudyEnglish.2.Hemendedthebike

3、yesterday.3.Wewillfinishtheworktomorrow.4.Maryhasfinishedthework.5.Theyareplantingtreesbytheriver.6.Iwaswritingalettertomyuncleateightyesterday.7.Theyhadfinishedtheworkbeforeyesterday.8.Canyoucutdownthetrees?9.Thefarmproducesmilk,meat,eggsandbananas.10.Hesaidtheywouldputdowntheoldbuilding.注意下列

4、四种特殊类型的句型转换1.含有双宾语的主动句变为被动句：有两种变法：1）常把主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语(容易简单),而把直接宾语仍然放在被动结构后面，不变。如:2.把直接宾语变为被动结构的主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for.Hetoldusastoryyesterday.Myfathergavemeanewpenjustnow.Mothercooksusdinnereveryday.IsentLiMingaperfectpresentlastSunday.2.含有复合宾语的主动句变为被动时有两种情况：1)由形容词、名词、介词、带to的不定式等作宾补的句子，变为被动结

5、构时，只需把宾语变为被动结构的主语即可。WecallhimLaoZhang.Hemadetheroombeautiful.Hekeptmewaitingforanhour.MrWangaskedthestudentstohandintheirhomeworkontime.2）在一些使役动词和感官动词后，不定式作宾语补足语时，要省略不定式符号to:Weheardhersinginherroom.Hemademewaitforalongtime.Isawaboygetonabus.Theoldmanwatcheshissonplayonthegroundeveryday.许多有部及物动

6、词加介词或副词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，也由被动语态。在有主动结构转换为被动结构时，不可以把短语动词分开，也不能漏掉短语动词中的介词或副词。Heturnedofftheradiojustnow.Theytakegoodcareofthebaby.Thechildrenarewaitingforabusnow.Theboyusedadictionarytohelphim,TheyhavelistenedtomanyEnglishsongs.sbsay+that从句的主动句变为被动句通常用Itbesaid+that从句。获将宾语从句中的主语变为被动结构中的主语，从句中的谓语变为不

7、定式。如：Theysaythatheismuchbetternow.________thatheismuchbetternow.________tobemuchbetternow.Wesaidthathewasateacher.________thathewasateacher._______tobeateacher.ShesaidthatLiMingwouldturnofftheradio._________LiMingwouldturnofftheradio.__