The Rutschblock as a practical tool for slope stability evaluation

The Rutschblock as a practical tool for slope stability evaluation

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1、AvalancheFormation,MovementandEffects(ProceedingsoftheDavosSymposium,September1985).IAHSPubl.no.162,1987.The"Rutschblock"asapracticaltoolforslopestabilityevaluationPAULM.B.FOHNInstituteforSnowandAvalancheResearch,CH-7260Weissfluhjoch/Davos,SwitzerlandABSTRACTThe"Rutschblock",amini-slab,

2、whichrevealspotentialfailureplanes,hasbeencalibratedasstabi•litycriterionwithothermethods(stabilityindex,con•currentavalanchefrequency).Thepreparation,dimensions(A«s*3m)andthetestperformance(sevendegrees)arepresented.Thegradualstaticanddynamicloadingofthe"Rutschblock"byaskieryieldsaprac

3、ticalmeasurefortheshearstrengthandaestimateofsnowpackstability.Duetothelargescatterofthe150datapointstheob•tainedmeasureisnotuniqueorfool-proof.Thereforethe"Rutschblock"-criterionhastobesupplementedbyothermethods(e.g.snowprofileevaluation).Theimportantaspectofselectingameasuringsiteisdi

4、scussedinordertovalidatethetestresults.Le"blocglissant",moyenpratiquepourapprécierlasta•bilitédespentesRESUMELeblocglissant,c'estunemini-plaque,quifournitunindicesurlastabilitédelacouverturedeneigeencequiconcernelarupturedecisaillementpri•maire.Laméthodeaétééprouvépard'autresméthodescom

5、mel'indicedestabilitéetl'observationdesavalanchesauxenvirons.Ondécritendétaillapréparationetlesdimensionsd'untelbloc(A«3m)etl'exécutiondel'essaiavecsixdegrésdechargement.Puisquel'ensemblede150essaisestsoumisàunefortedispersion,unseulessaipratiquenesuffitpascommeuniquecritèrededécision.L

6、améthodedoitêtrecomplétéepard'autresméthodestradi-tionellescommep.e.leprofildeneige.Ondiscuteaussil'aspectimportantduchoixdel'emplacementdansleter•rainpourdetelsessais.INTRODUCTIONThe"Rutschblock"-testorasitisnamedalso:Swisstest,jumptest,wedgetestmaybeviewedasaspecialformofskitesting.It

7、wasfirstusedintheSwissArmyinthesixtiestoexhibitweaklayersinthesnowpack.Duringthefollowingyearsitgraduallybecameatoolforslopestabilityevaluation,mainlypromotedbyMunter(1973).Becauseinitiallytherewasnopropercalibrationforthistest,wedecidedtocalibratethismethodagainstothers(stabil

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