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1、Chapter1TheVulnerableObserverItiscustomarytocallbooksabouthumanbeingseithertoughmindedortenderminded.Myownisneitherandboth,inthatitstrivesforobjectivityaboutthattendermindednesswithoutwhichnorealisticbehavioralscienceispossible.GeorgeDevereux,FromAnxiety
2、toMethodIn1985anavalancheinColombiaburiedanentirevillageinmud.IsabelAllende,watchingthetragedyontelevision,wantedtoexpressthedesperationshefeltasshehelplesslyobservedsomanypeoplebeingswallowedbytheearth.Inhershortstory''OfClayWeAreCreated,''Allendewrites
3、aboutOmairaSánchez,athirteen-year-oldgirlwhobecamethefocusofobsessivemediaattention.News-hungryphotographers,journalists,andtelevisioncamerapeople,whocoulddonothingtosavethegirl'slife,descendeduponherasshelaytrappedinthemud,fixingtheircuriousanduselessey
4、esonhersuffering.Amidthathorridaudienceofonlookers,whichincludedAllendeherselfwatchingthecruel"show"onthescreen,sheplacesthephotographerRolfCarlé.Hetoohasbeenlooking,gazing,reporting,takingpictures.Thensomethingsnapsinhim.Hecannolongerbeartowatchsilently
5、frombehindthecamera.Hewillnotdocumenttragedyasaninnocentbystander.Crouchingdowninthemud,RolfCarléthrowsasidehiscameraandflingshisarmsaroundOmairaSánchezasherheartandlungscollapse.Thevulnerableobserverparexcellence,RolfCarléincarnatesthecentraldilemmaofal
6、leffortsatwitnessing.Inthemidstofamassacre,inthefaceoftorture,intheeyeofahurricane,intheaftermathofanearthquake,oreven,say,whenhorrorloomsapparentlymoregentlyinmemoriesthatwon'trecedeandsocomepouringforthinthelate-nightquietofakitchen,asastorytelleropens
7、herhearttoastorylistener,recountinghurtsthatcutdeepandrawintothegulliesoftheself,doyou,theobserver,staybehindthelensofthecamera,switchonthetaperecorder,keeppeninhand?Aretherelimits-ofrespect,piety,pathos-thatshouldnotbecrossed,eventoleavearecord?Butifyou
8、can'tstopthehorror,shouldn'tyouatleastdocumentit?Allendeassumedthatonceherstorywaspublished,Omairawoulddisappearfromherlife.ButinPaula,hermovingmemoirofherdaughter'ssuddenandrapiddeathfromporphyria,shefindsherselfreturning