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1、NEXT-GENERATIONBROADBANDWIRELESSNETWORKSANDNAVIGATIONSERVICESIndoorGeolocationScienceandTechnologyKavehPahlavanandXinrongLi,WorcesterPolytechnicInstituteJuha-PekkaMäkelä,UniversityofOulu,FinlandABSTRACTvisualsupervision,tonavigatetheblind,tolocatein-demandportableequipmentinhospitals,andtoThisar
2、ticlepresentsanoverviewofthetechni-findspecificitemsinwarehouses.Inpublicsafetycalaspectsoftheexistingtechnologiesforwire-andmilitaryapplications,indoorgeolocationsys-lessindoorlocationsystems.Thetwomajortemsareneededtotrackinmatesinprisonsandchallengesforaccuratelocationfindinginindoornavigatin
3、gpoliceman,firefighters,andsoldierstoareasarethecomplexityofradiopropagationandcompletetheirmissionsinsidebuildings.Thesetheadhocnatureofthedeployedinfrastructureincentiveshaveinitiatedinterestinmodelingtheintheseareas.Becauseofthesedifficultiesavari-radiochannelforindoorgeolocationapplicationse
4、tyofsignalingtechniques,overallsystemarchi-[3,5],developmentofnewtechnologies[6],andtectures,andlocationfindingalgorithmsareemergenceoffirst-generationindoorgeolocationemergingforthisapplication.Thisarticlepro-products[7].Tohelpthegrowthofthisemergingvidesafundamentalunderstandingoftheissuesindu
5、stry,thereisaneedtodevelopascientificrelatedtoindoorgeolocationsciencethatareframeworktolayafoundationfordesignandper-neededfordesignandperformanceevaluationofformanceevaluationofsuchsystems.emergingindoorgeolocationsystems.Figure1illustratesthefunctionalblockdia-gramofawirelessgeolocationsystem
6、.ThemainelementsofthesystemareanumberoflocationINTRODUCTIONsensingdevicesthatmeasuremetricsrelatedtoRecently,thereisincreasinginterestinaccuratetherelativepositionofamobileterminal(MT)locationfindingtechniquesandlocation-basedwithrespecttoaknownreferencepoint(RP),aapplicationsforindoorareas.TheG
7、lobalPosition-positioningalgorithmthatprocessesmetricsingSystem(GPS)[1]andwirelessenhanced911reportedbylocationsensingelementstoesti-(E-911)services[2]alsoaddresstheissueofloca-matethelocationcoordinatesofMT,andadis-tionfind
