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1、I.INTRODUCTIONThegoalofarrayprocessingistoestimatetheSourceLocalizationandlocationsandwaveformsofsourcesbycombiningthereceiveddatafrommultiplesensorssothattheSensing:ANonparametricdesiredsignalisenhanced,whiletheunwantedsignals,suchasinterferenceandnoise,aresuppressed.IterativeAdapti
2、veApproachInactivesensingapplicationssuchasradar/sonarrange-Dopplerimaging,theaimistofindtargetsBasedonWeightedLeastpresentinaregionofinterest.Forchannelestimationincommunications,theaimistoestimatethenon-zeroSquareschanneltapsandtheirDopplershifts,whicharethenfedtothesubsequentequal
3、izerforsymboldetection.Lownumbersofsnapshotsandlowsignal-to-noiseTARIKYARDIBI,StudentMember,IEEEJIANLI,Fellow,IEEEratios(SNR)areamongthemanychallengesthatUniversityofFloridaarrayprocessingsystemsfrequentlyface.AnotherPETRESTOICA,Fellow,IEEEchallengeisthepresenceofnearbysources,interm
4、sUppsalaUniversityoflocationorDoppler,sincecloselyspacedsourcesSwedenarehardertodiscriminate.HereinbothpassivearrayMINGXUE,StudentMember,IEEEprocessingandactivesensingareconsidered.UniversityofFloridaThemostbasicapproachtoarrayprocessingARTHURB.BAGGEROER,Fellow,IEEEistheclassicaldela
5、y-and-sum(DAS)method,MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyinwhichthereceivedsignalfromeachsensorisArrayprocessingiswidelyusedinsensingapplicationsweightedanddelayedsoastofocusondifferentforestimatingthelocationsandwaveformsofthesourcesinagivenfield.Intheabsenceofalargenumberofsnapshots,
6、pointsinspace.However,thismethodsuffersfromwhichisthecaseinnumerouspracticalapplications,suchlowresolutionandhighsidelobelevels.Thereisaasunderwaterarrayprocessing,itbecomeschallengingtoestimatethesourceparametersaccurately.Thispaperpresentsvastamountofliteratureonmethodsthatprovidea
7、nonparametricandhyperparameter,free-weighted,leastsuperiorperformanceovertheDASapproachwhensquares-basediterativeadaptiveapproachforamplitudeandphaseestimation(IAA-APES)inarrayprocessing.IAA-APEScancertainassumptionsaremet[1].Thewell-knownworkwellwithfewsnapshots(evenone),uncorrelate
8、d,partiallys
