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1、AcademyofManagementReview2009,Vol.34,No.1,11–31.TRUSTANDGOVERNANCE:UNTANGLINGATANGLEDWEBPHANISHPURANAMBARTS.VANNESTELondonBusinessSchoolUsingasimplebutgeneralformalization,westatetheconditionsunderwhichonemightexpectanegativeorpositiverelationshipbetweenpreexistingtrustandgov-er
2、nancecomplexity,andwhethercrowdingoutorcomplementarityargumentsarenecessaryforsuchoutcomes.Ouranalysisprovidesaplatformforsimplebutrigorousanalysisofotherpossiblerelationshipsbetweentrustandgovernanceandalsosuggeststhatthedebateabouttherelationshipbetweengovernanceandtrustcouldbe
3、fruitfullyredirectedthroughgreaterattentiontotheanalyticalstructureofthearguments.Inrecentyearsseveralscholarshaveexplic-long-termexchangerelationship(Gulati,Law-itlyaddressedthequestionofwhethertrustandrence,&Puranam,2005;Williamson,1991).Sincegovernancemechanismslikecontractsan
4、dgovernancemechanismsarenotfree,trustcouldownershiprelatetoeachotherassubstitutesorreducerelianceonformalgovernancemecha-ascomplements(Corts&Singh,2004;Gulati&nisms(Bradach&Eccles,1989;Granovetter,Nickerson,inpress;Lazzarini,Miller,&Zenger,1985;Macaulay,1963;Macneil,1978;Ring&Van
5、2004;Luo,2002;Poppo&Zenger,2002;Ryall&deVen,1992).Indeed,somehavearguedforaSampson,inpress;Woolthuis,Hillebrand,&strongerformofsubstitutionbetweentrustandNooteboom,2005).Whileindividuallyinsightful,governance—relianceoncomplexgovernancethesestudiescumulativelyalsosuggestabe-mecha
6、nismsmayactivelyhinderthedevelop-wilderingarrayofpossiblerelationshipsbe-mentofordestroytrustinexchangerelation-tweentrustandgovernance,atleastsomeofships(Ghoshal&Moran,1996;Macaulay,1963;whichappearincompatiblewithoneanother.Malhotra&Murnighan,2002).Trust—theexpectationthatanexc
7、hangepart-Yet,asPoppoandZenger(2002)haveshowninnerwillnotbehaveopportunistically,evenaninsightfulanalysis,trustmayalsoleveragewhensuchbehaviorcannotbedetectedbythetheeffectsofgovernanceonexchangeperfor-victim—isapowerfulalternativetoformalgov-mancesothatitencouragesratherthandisc
8、our-ernancemechanismsthatattempttoaligni
