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1、J.Phys.Chem.C2008,112,120511205712051LiMn2O4Nanorods,NanothornMicrospheres,andHollowNanospheresasEnhancedCathodeMaterialsofLithiumIonBatteryJia-YanLuo,Huan-MingXiong,andYong-YaoXia*DepartmentofChemistry&ShanghaiKeyLaboratoryofMolecularCatalysisandInnoVatiVeMaterials,FudanUniV
2、ersity,Shanghai,200433,P.R.ChinaReceiVed:January31,2008;ReVisedManuscriptReceiVed:May17,2008NanostructuredlithiumintercalatedcompoundhasbeendemonstratedtobethemostpromisingapproachtoimprovethepowderdensityoflithiumionbatteriesbecauseofitprovidingarelativelyshortLiiondiffusion
3、path.WhiletheconventionalnanostructuredLiMn2O4,typicallypreparedatlowtemperatures,werealmostallpolycrystallineandlowcrystallinity,whichwouldimpairthestabilityofthecrystallographicstructureandcharge-dischargecyclingabilityofLiMn2O4.Inthispaper,wesystematicallydescribeatopochem
4、icalmethodforsuccessfulsynthesisofLiMn2O4nanorods,nanothornmicrospheres,andhollownanospheres,andtheirelectrochemicallithiuminsertion/desertionpropertiesareextensivelystudied.Wealsoinvestigatedtheeffectsofparticlesize,morphology,synthesismethod,andcrystalstructureontheelectroc
5、hemicalpropertiesofspinelLiMn2O4.Themethoddescribedinthepresentworkmayassistinthedesignofnovelnanostructuredmaterialsforapplicationinalithiumionbattery.1.IntroductionMostcathodematerialsforhigh-voltagelithiumbatterieswereconsistedofternaryorquaternarylithiumtransition-metalLi
6、ionbatteries,owingtotheirhighenergydensity,light-oxides,thesynthesisofwhichrequiredhigh-temperaturetreat-weight,andlongcyclelifehavewidelyusedforconsumerments.Theseconditionsincreasedthecrystalgrowthrateandelectronicdevices.However,presentLiiontechnologiesfallhinderedtheobtai
7、nmentofnanostructuredmaterialsasaresult.shortofmeetingthehighercharge-dischargeratecapabilityWhiletheconventionalnanostructuredLiMn2O4,whichwererequirementofelectricvehicles(EV),whichwasconsideredtotypicallypreparedatlowtemperatures,werealmostallpoly-relievesideissueslinkedto
8、airpollutioncombinedwiththecrystallineandlowcrystalline.Ithasbeenwid
