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1、1Languageplanninginmultilingualcountries:ThecaseofthePhilippinesAndrewGonzalez,FSCDeLaSalleUniversityManila,PhilippinesAbstractUsingthePhilippinesasacasestudyofamultilingualcountryandmyfamiliaritywiththeSouthEastAsiansituation(Indonesia,Cambodia,Myanmar,
2、Thailand,MalaysiaandSingapore),Ishalltrytomakeacasefor1)theuseofthelanguageofthecommunityastheinitiallanguageofliteracywithtransitiontomainstreameducation;2)parametersonwhenandhowtointroducethenationallanguageortheofficiallanguageintheschoolingsystem;3)p
3、arametersonthechoiceofandtimeforintroducingthelanguageofwidercommunicationfortheeducatedsectorofsociety.Reasonswillbebasedonphilosophicalprinciplesaswellasempiricalevidence.Finally,administrativeandpoliticalissueswillbeconsideredinattemptingtotranslatepo
4、licyintopracticeandimplementationbasedonexperiencesofthepast.IntroductionBeforegivingathumbnailsketchoflanguageplanninginamultilingualcountrysuchasthePhilippinesandthenraisinglargerissuesonthetopicfromthePhilippineexperience,Iwouldliketobeginwithashortch
5、allenge.Irefertothetitleofa1971bookbyJoanRubinandBjornJernuddentitledCanLanguageBePlanned?RubinandJernuddrepresenttwooftheearlypioneersoflanguageplanningasaspecialdisciplineinappliedlinguistics;theirprobingquestion,askedmorethanthirtyyearsago,bearsrepeat
6、inginthelightofsomeoftheexperiencesofmyowncountrywhereIhavebeeninvolvedinsomecapacityoranotherasoneamongseverallanguageplanners.Aftermorethanthirtyyearsofinvolvementinlanguageplanningattemptsinmycountry,Itoohavebeenaskingthesamequestion.ThecaseofthePhili
7、ppinesInadditiontomyownworkonlanguageplanninginthePhilippinesentitledLanguageandnationalism:ThePhilippineexperiencethusfar(Gonzalez1980)andthewell-documentedworkofEmmaBernabein1987entitledLanguagepolicy,formulation,programming,implementationandevaluation
8、inPhilippineeducation(1565-1974)—arevisionofherdoctoraldissertation(mentoredbyBonifacioP.Sibayan,anotherpioneeringlanguageplanner)—variousarticleshavebeenwrittenonthePhilippinecase.Briefly,thedocumentsforlanguageplanningar
