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1、问答题3.WhydidMarkTwaindefinetheperiodofthecivilwarasa“GildedAge”?4.Whatis“Naturalism”inliterarycreation?1)Naturalismamoredeliberatekindofrealism,usuallyinvolvesaviewofhumanbeingsasapassivevictimsofnaturalforcesandsocialenvironment.2)Naturalismamoredeliberatekindofrealism,usuallyinvolve
2、saviewofhumanbeingsasapassivevictimsofnaturalforcesandsocialenvironment.3)ThemostsignificantworkofnaturalisminEnglishisTheodoreDreiser’sSisterCarrie.4)ThefirstnaturalisticwriterinAmericaisStephenCrane(theredbadgeofcourage)5.Whatisthe“lostgeneration”?Whowerethemostimportantwritersofth
3、elostgeneration?ThetermlostgenerationwascoinedbyGertrudeSteintorefertoagroupofAmericanliterarynotableswholivedinParisfromthetimeperiodwhichsawtheendofWWItothebeginningoftheGreatDepression.SignificantmembersincludedEarnestHemingway,F.ScottFitzgerald,EzraPound,ThomasStearnsEliot,andGer
4、trudehimself.6.PuritanismincolonialAmericaPuritanism,inthe16thand17thcent.,amovementforreformintheChurchofEnglandthathadaprofoundinfluenceonthesocial,political,ethical,andtheologicalideasofEnglandandAmerica. 1)Puritanismisastrictreligiousdoctrine.2)Puritanismalsohaspracticalaspects.P
5、uritanshavetoworkhard,andpreparefortheobstaclestheywillmeetintheirlife.3)AmericanPuritanismcontainsoriginalsin,predestination,totaldepravity，limitedatonementofGod'sgrace.7.ThefoundingfathersofAmerica.GeorgeWashingtonThomasJeffersonBenjaminFranklin8.TranscendentalismAsamoralphilosophy
6、,transcendentalismwasneitherlogicalnorsystematized.Itexaltedfeelingoverreason,individualexpressionovertherestraintsoflawandcustom.Theybelievedinthetranscendenceofthe“Oversoul”,anall-pervadingpowerforgoodnessfromwhichallthingscomeandofwhichallthingsareapart.Representatives:RalphWaldoE
7、mersonHenryDavidThoreauandNathanielHawthorne9.Whatisthe“beatgeneration”anditswriter10.Imagism(意象主义)aliterarymovementlaunchedbyBritishandAmericanpoetsearlyinthe20thcenturythatadvocatedtheuseoffreeverse,commonspeechpatterns,andclearconcreteimagesasareactiontoVictoriansentimentalism.1。C
8、ontentshould
