Characterization of Chemical Composition of Bee Pollen in China

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1、Articlepubs.acs.org/JAFCCharacterizationofChemicalCompositionofBeePolleninChina†,‡†,†††‡KaiYang,DanWu,XingqianYe,*DonghongLiu,JianchuChen,andPeilongSun†DepartmentofFoodScienceandNutrition,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,People’sRepublicofChina‡CollegeofBiologicalandEnvironmentalEngineering,Zh

2、ejiangUniversityofTechnology,Hangzhou310032,People’sRepublicofChinaABSTRACT:Beepollenhasbeenpraisedforitsgoodnutritionandtherapeuticvalues.Chinaisthelargestproducerintheworld.TwelvecommonvarietiesofmonofloralbeepollencollectedfromChina’smainproducingregionswereselectedfornutritionalcompositionan

3、alysis,includingproximatecontents,dietaryfibers,aminoaciddistribution,fattyacidcomposition,andmineralelements.TheproximatecompositionsmostlymetthespecificationsregulatingpollenloadqualityofChina.Prolineandglutamicacidswerefoundtobethepredominantaminoacidsintheformofbothtotalaminoandfreeaminoacids

4、.Lysinewastherelativelimitingaminoacid.Thepercentageoftotalessentialaminoacids(TEAA)tototalaminoacids(TAA)reachedthenutritionrecommendationoftheFoodandAgriculturalOrganization(FAO).Themajorfattyacids,presentedasmeanvalues,wereC18:3(25.1%),C16:0(19.6%),C18:1(17.3%),C18:2(8.78%),C22:0(4.07%),andC

5、18:0(2.96%)acids.TheproportionsofC18:3weregenerallyhigherthanthoseofC18:2,andtheratiooftotalunsaturatedfattyacids(TUS)tototalsaturatedfattyacids(TS)was>1.0,exceptforNelumbonuciferaGaertn.pollenforthecharacteristicabsenceofC18:3acids.HighlevelsofbeneficialelementssuchasK,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Mn.andCuwereo

6、bservedinpollensamples.ThecontentsofdetrimentaltraceelementsofCd,Pb,andHgwereprimarilylowerornotdetected.However,moreattentionshouldbepaidtoalargeamountofAl,withaconcentrationof>100mg/kgDWinmostsamples.Thereweresomesignificantdifferencesbetweensamples.Onthewhole,theChinesebeepollenwasevaluatedasa

7、goodcomplementtodiet.KEYWORDS:Chinesebeepollen,chemicalcompositionanalysis,nutrition,aminoacids,fattyacids,minerals■INTRODUCTIONWithitsextensiveterritory,diversifiedflora,favorableclimatethroughouttheyear,andabout300,000beekeepersfr