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1、China'spopulationThemostsurprisingdemographicyacrisisAnewcensusraisesquestionsaboutthefutureofChina’sone-childpolicyMay5th2011
2、BEIJING
3、fromtheprinteditionDOESChinahaveenoughpeople?Thequestionmightseemabsurd.Thecountryhaslongbeenfamousbothforhavingtheworld’slargestpopulationandf
4、orhavingtakendraconian(德拉古式的；严酷的；残忍的)measurestorestrainitsgrowth.Thoughmanypeople,Chineseandoutsidersalike,havelookedaghastat因......而感到惊吓，惊骇于……thebrutal(野蛮的，残忍的，冷酷无情的)andcoercive(强迫的，胁迫的)excesses(过分的行为，暴行)oftheone-childpolicy计划生育政策,therehasalsooftenbeenagrudging(不情愿的，勉强的)acknow
5、ledgmentthatChinaneededtodosomethingtokeepitsvastnumbersincheck.hold/keepsthincheck控制；制止Butnewcensusfiguresbolster(支持；加强)claimsmadeinthepastfewyearsthatChinaissufferingfromademographicproblemofadifferentsort:toolowabirthrate.Thelatestnumbers,releasedonApril28thandbasedonthenati
6、onwidecensusconductedlastyear,showatotalpopulationformainlandChinaof1.34billion.Theyalsorevealasteep(陡的，陡峭的)declineintheaverageannualpopulationgrowthrate,downto0.57%in2000-10,halftherateof1.07%inthepreviousdecade.Thedataimplythatthetotalfertilityrate人口出生率,whichisthenumberofchil
7、drenawomanofchild-bearingage生育年龄canexpecttohave,onaverage,duringherlifetime,maynowbejust1.4,farbelowthe“replacementrate人口更替水平”of2.1,whicheventuallyleadstothepopulationstabilising(稳定).Slowergrowthismatchedbyadramaticageingofthepopulation.Peopleabovetheageof60nowrepresent13.3%oft
8、hetotal,upfrom10.3%in2000(seechart).Inthesameperiod,thoseundertheageof14declinedfrom23%to17%.Acontinuationofthesetrendswillplaceevergreaterburdenson施加负担theworkingyoungwhomustsupport(赡养)theirelderlykin,aswellasongovernment-runpensionandhealth-caresystems医保体系.China’sgreat“demogra
9、phicdividend人口红利，是指一个国家的劳动年龄人口占总人口比重较大，抚养率比较低，为经济发展创造了有利的人口条件，整个国家的经济呈高储蓄、高投资和高增长的局面。”(arisingshareofworking-ageadults)isalmostover.Inadditiontoskewing(使歪斜，使偏斜)thecountry’sagedistribution,theone-childpolicyhasprobablyexacerbated(恶化，加剧)itsdire(严重的，可怕的)genderimbalance性别比例失调.Manym
10、orebabyboysareborninChinathanbabygirls.Chinaisnotuniqu
