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1、https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=201500003332018-07-24T00:51:04+00:00ZPhasedArray-FedReflector(PAFR)AntennaArchitecturesforSpace-BasedSensorsMichaelCooleyNorthropGrummanElectronicSystems7323AviationBlvd.–MS125Baltimore,MD21240410-993-3528Michael.cooley@ngc.comAbstrac
2、t-Communicationlinkandtargetrangesforsatellite1.INTRODUCTIONcommunications(SATCOM)andspace-basedsensors(e.g.radars)varyfromapproximately1000km(forLEOsatellites)Thispaperhas3majorsectionscoveringPAFRto35,800km(forGEOsatellites).Attheselongranges,largearchitectures(Secti
3、on2),associatedhardwareandantennagainsarerequiredandlegacypayloadshaveusuallytechnologies(Section3)andtworelevantPAFRdesignemployedlargereflectorswithsinglebeamsthatareeitherexamples(Section4).Section2reviewsvariousPAFRfixedormechanicallysteered.Formanyapplications,the
4、rearearchitecturesandprovidesarelativecomparisonofinherentlimitationsthatareassociatedwiththeuseofthesefundamentalarchitecturalfeaturesandassociatedlegacyantennas/payloads.performancetrades.WecomparetheRFperformanceofHybridantennadesignsusingPhasedArrayFedReflectorsvar
5、iousPAFRarchitectures,compareassociatedarrayfeeds(PAFRs)provideacompromisebetweenreflectorsandDirectanddescribekeyarchitectureandimplementationtrades.RadiatingphasedArrays(DRAs).PAFRsprovidemanyoftheSection3focusesmoreonreflectorandfeedarrayhardwareperformancebenefitso
6、fDRAswhileutilizingmuchsmaller,designincludingadiscussionoftechnologyoptionsandlowercost(feed)arrays.Theprimarylimitationassociatedassociatedtrades.Space-basedPAFRdesignsarehighlywithhybridPAFRarchitecturesiselectronicscanrange;multi-disciplinaryandwewillbrieflyaddress
7、keyapproximately+/-5to+/-10degreesistypical,butthisrangeengineeringdesignareasincluding;antenna,RFelectronics,dependsonmanyfactors.ForLEOapplications,theearthDCpowerandbeamsteeringcontrol,mechanical,thermal,FOVisapproximately+/-55degreeswhichiswellbeyondtheetc.Finally,
8、inSection4,webrieflydescribetwoPAFRrangeofelectronicscanningforPAFRs.However,forsomeLEOmissions,limitedscanningissuff
