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1、一、记住下面词条（单选题和填空题）1.Ascientistwithlotsofinventionsandafamousexperiment(kite,electricity,thunderstorm).Franklindidalotoffamousexperimentsandinventedmanythingssuchasvolunteerfiredepartments,effectivestreetlighting,bifocalglasses,efficientheatingdevices,lightning-rod(避雷针)andsoon2
2、.Typicalliteraryformsofromanticismincludeballad,lyrics,sentimentalcomedy,novels,gothicromance,sonnet,andcriticalessays.3.Reacheditspeakwiththeappearanceofthemajorauthorsofthe19thcenturysuchasEdgarAllenPoe,WaltWhitmanandEmilyDickinsoninpoetry,andNathanielHawthorneandHermanMelv
3、illeinfiction.4.JamesFenimoreCooperdevelopedthreekindsofnovels.ThefirstkindisabouttherevolutionarypastsuchasTheSpy.ThesecondkindistheseanovelssuchasthePilot.ThethirdkindisabouttheAmericanfrontier.5.NathanialHawthorne’sworksbelongtodarkromanticism,cautionarytalesthatsuggesttha
4、tguilt,sin,andevilarethemostinherentnaturalqualitiesofhumanity.ManyofhisworksareinspiredbyPuritanNewEnglandcombininghistoricalromanceloadedwithsymbolismanddeeppsychologicalthemes,borderingonsurrealism.6.“TheAmericanScholar”hasbeencalledAmerica’sDeclarationofIntellectualIndepe
5、ndencebecausehecalledonAmericanwriterstowriteaboutAmericainanAmericanwayinsteadofimitatingthingsforeign.7.Thoreauhasfaithintheinnervirtueandinward,spiritualgraceofman;Thoreauwascriticalofmoderncivilization;Manshouldliveasimplelife;andhebelievedintheregeneration改过自新ofman.Walde
6、nexhibitsThoreau’strustinthefutureandhisbeliefinanewgenerationofmen.8.Thoughhismostfamousnoveliscriticizedforbeingracist,MarkTwainneverexpectednorintendedthecontroversythatarosewiththepublicationofHuckleberryFinn.MarkTwainwasnotracist,butdepictedlifeinhistimes.9.Naturalisticw
7、riterswritedetaileddescriptionsofthelivesofthelowerclass.Theyareinterestedinfindingouthowmenandwomenareoverwhelmedbytheforcesofenvironmentandbytheforcesofheredity.10.InSisterCarrie,Dreiserexpressedhisnaturalisticpursuitbyexpoundingthepurposelessnessoflifeandimpotence(无能为力)ofm
8、en.11.MatinEdentellshowtheprotagonistchangesfromatoilertoabest-selli
