美国文学Herman Melville

《美国文学Herman Melville》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。

1、HermanMelville麦尔维尔(1819—1891)HermanMelville1.Threeimportantthingsinhislife:nGoingouttoseaHisexperiencesandadventuresontheseafurnishedhimwithabundantmaterialforhisfictionwritings,especiallyhismasterpieceMobyDick2)HismarriageInthehistoryofAmericanliteraturethereweretwoa

2、uthorshadsimilarmarriages.MelvilleandScottFitzgerald,bothmarriedabovethemandhadtodohackwork（纯粹为糊口而写的东西，庸俗作品）forthemoneytheyneededtokeeptheirwivesintheirextravagantstyle.3)HisfriendshipwithHawthorneDuringthesummerof1890MelvilleandHawthornemetandbecamegoodfriends.Theysh

3、aredsimilarideasandopinionsonmostkindsoffields.EspeciallyagainstthebackgroundofTranscendentaloptimism,MelvilleagreeswithHawthorne’sBlackness---theevilatthecoreoflife.“Evilinlifeandthehumansoulhelpmakelifeandmanbetter”“Toscalegreatheights,wemustcomeoutofthelowestdepths

4、.Thewaytoheavenisthroughhell.Weneedfierybaptisminthefierceflameofourbosoms.”凤凰涅槃浴火重生•TheoriginaldesignofMobyDickwasjustatextonthewhalefishery.WhenMelvillemetHawthorne,hehadcompletedonethirdofMobyDick.WithoutHawthorne,Melvillewouldhavejustwrittenitaboutwhalinghunting.W

5、iththeinfluenceofHawthorne,Melvillerewroteitintoaworldclassicwithamixtureof:游记、航海故事、寓言、捕鲸传说、有关鲸鱼与捕鲸业的百科全书、美国史诗、莎士比亚式的悲剧、抒情散文长诗、塞万提斯式的浪漫体小说InTokenofmyadmirationforhisgenius,thisbookisinscribedtoNATHANIELHAWTHORNE.2.Melville’sMajorWorks1)Novels(1)PolynsieTrilogy“波里尼西亚三部

6、曲”fromhisadventuresamongthepeopleoftheSouthPacificislandsTypee1846«泰皮»Omoo1847«欧穆»Mardi1849«玛地»(2)Redburn1849«雷得本»anaccountofhisvoyagetoEngland(3)WhiteJacket1850«白外衣»hislifeonaUnitedStatesman-of-war军舰(4)Pierre《皮埃尔》(1852):Adarklyallegoricalexplorationofthenatureofevil,

7、whichispsychologicallycomplexandelaborate.(5)IsraelPotter《伊斯雷尔·波特》(1855):Ahistoricalromance(6)TheConfidenceMan《骗子的化装表演》(1857):SatirizestheselfishnessandcommercialismofMelville’stime.(7)BillyBudd《比利•巴德》(1891)Anovellaaboutayoungsailor,personifyinginnocence,doomedbythema

8、levolenthatredofaship’sofficer,personifyingevil.2)ShortstoriesThePiazzaTales《广场故事》(1856):ContainssomeofMelville’sfinestshort