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1、ROBERTS.LEVINEINTRODUCTIONButIdontknowbutabookinaman'sbrainisbetteroffthanabookboundincalf-atanyrateitissaferfromcriticism.MelvilletoEvertA.Duyckinck,letterof16August1850ThiscollectionisbothahandbooktoMelvilleandaprovocation.Asex-pectedofaCambridgeCompanion,itprovidesreaderswithcomp
2、rehensiveanalysesofthemajorwritingsandmotifsofacanonizedmasterofworldliterature.Atthesametime,thisvolumehasbeenconceivedinaMelvilleanspiritofsuspicionandrevision.Accordingly,itisanimatedbyadialecticalinterplaybetweentraditionalandnewerapproachestoMelville.Thisisaparticularlyopportun
3、etimeforsuchavolume.Overthepasttwodecadesorso,the"AmericanRenaissance"hasbeendramaticallyreconceivedbyfeminist,African-American,newhistorical,andothercriticalapproaches.SuchkeyworksasMichaelRogin'sSubversiveGenealogy(1983),Wai-cheeDimock'sEmpireforLiberty(1989),andEricSundquist'sToW
4、aketheNations(1993)arebutthreeofthemanybooksthathaveofferednewwaysofthinkingabouttheideologicalandpoliticalimplicationsofMel-ville'sart.Therehavealsobeenmajordevelopmentsinmoretraditional,archivallybasedMelvillescholarship.RecentdiscoveriesofMelvillefamilypapers(nowattheNewYorkPubli
5、cLibrary),thepublicationofsuchimportantworksasJohnBryant'sMelvilleandRepose(1993),StantonGarner'sTheCivilWarWorldofHermanMelville(1993),severalvolumesinthenearlycompletedNorthwestern-NewberryeditionofHermanMel-ville,andbiographiesbyLaurieRobertson-Laurant(1996)andHershelParker(1996)
6、havehelpedustomakebettersenseofMelville'scomposi-tionalpractices,aesthetics,sources,biography,andrelationtocontempo-raneousliterarydebates.TherenewedattentiontoMelvillehasn'tbeenconfinedtothescholarlyworld.AsthecontributorstothisCompanionwerecompletingtheiressays,HershelParker'srewo
7、rkingofPierre,repletewithillustrationsbyMauriceSendak,waspublishedtoconsiderablefanfareCambridgeCompanionsOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,2006ROBERTS.LEVINEbyacommercialpress;theRobertson-LaurantandParkerbiographiesap-pearedoneaftertheother(alsotowidespreadpublicnotice);Melvillescho
8、larswerefeaturedina
