Cognitive Grammar认知语法

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1、ABriefAnalysisonCognitiveGrammarInrecentyears,theconceptof“fictivity”hascaughtourattentionmoreoftenandbecomeapopularresearchtopicineachstudyareas.And“Fictivemotion”hasbeenacommonresearchtopicofbothcognitivelinguisticsandpsycholinguistics.Talmyfirstnoticedtheinterestingan

2、dessentiallinguisticphenomenonandhethoughtthatthelanguageandtheperceptionsystemhavecloserelationship.AccordingtoTalmy,fictivemotionverbswhosebasicreferenceistomotion,butwhichactuallydescribestationarysituations.Onesameobjectinsighthastwodifferentimages,namelytheactualone

3、andthefictiveandvirtualonewhichisassociatedwithcognitiveability.Otherscholarsalsogavedefinitionstofictivemotion.Langackerbelievesthatfictivemotionisasemantictransformationcausedbyhuman’ssubjectiveconstrualonobjectivesceneandagrammaticalization.Intermsofourlifeexperiences

4、,themotioninfictivemotioncannottakeplace.Let’stakethesethreesentencesforexample:(a)Theballoonrosequickly.(b)Thepathrosequicklyasweclimbed.(c)Thepathrisesquicklynearthetop.Thefirstsentenceisactualmotion.Theballooncanactuallyproducethemovements“rise”.Thesecondoneisperfecti

5、vevirtualmotion.Thepathmakesastaticsceneandtheobject’smotionisrealizedbythesentence’slanguageformsvirtually.Asweknowthepathcan’tmotionitself.Onaccountoftheverb“rise”,thewholesentencecouldhavethepsychologicalfictivemotion.Thethirdsentenceisinperfectivevirtualmotionbecause

6、thetenseisthepresenttenseandthemotiondidn’tfinish.OneofthefirstscholarswhohavedealtwithfictivemotionwithintheframeworkofcognitivelinguisticsisLeonardTalmy,whocoinedthetermfictivemotionin1996.Inordertoaccountforthisphenomenon,heproposedthepatternofgeneralfictivity,aframew

7、orkdealingwithcognitiverepresentationofnonveridicalphenomena,especiallyformofmotion.Fromhispointofview,thereexistsamajorcognitivepattern:adiscrepancywithintheconceptualizationofasingleobject.Thisdiscrepancyisbetweentwodifferentcognitiverepresentationsofthesameentity,ofwh

8、ichonerepresentationisassessedtobemoreveridicalthantheotherbasedonourgeneralknowledge.Ontheotherhandit’