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1、HappyasanExtravertedClam?TheRoleofPersonalityforSubjectiveWell-BeingKristinaM.DeNeve1DepartmentofPsychologyandNeuroscience,BaylorUniversity,Waco,TexasAbstractPersonalitycharacteristics,especiallythetraitsofextraversionandneuroticism,havebeenproposedastheprimarydeterminanto
2、fsubjectivewell-being(SWB).Meta-analyticevidencepresentedheresuggeststhatpersonalityisindeedstronglyrelatedwithSWB,andthatonlyhealthismorestronglycorrelatedwithSWB.Inastudyof137personalitytraitsthathavebeencorrelatedwithSWB,neuroticismwasoneofthestrongestnegativecorrelates
3、ofSWB.However,extraversionwasnottheprimaryfactorassociatedwithincreasedSWB.Rather,severalpersonalitycharacteristicsthatfocusonthecharacteristicexperienceofemotions,onenhancingrelationships,andonone’scharacteristicstyleofexplainingthecausesoflifeeventsaremostintimatelytiedt
4、oSWB.Keywordssubjectivewell-being;personality;meta-analysis;extraversion;neuroticismWhatmakespeoplehappy?Ofcourse,thisisanage-oldquestion,yetitisonethatpsychologistsdidnotreallybegintoaddressempiricallyuntilthe1970s.Inthepastthreedecades,psychologistshavemovedfromexamining
5、demographicfactorstofocusingonpersonalityastheprimarydeterminantofindividualreportsoflifequality,referredtoassubjectivewell-being(SWB).Twopersonalityconstructsinparticular,extraversionandneuroticism,havebeenproposedasthekeystotherelationbetweenpersonalityandSWB(Diener,Suh,
6、Lucas,&Smith,inpress;McCrae&Costa,1991).Inthisarticle,Isummarizetheutilityofthisview.META-ANALYSESOFSUBJECTIVEWELL-BEINGBy1980,morethan550researchstudieshadexaminedvariousdemographicvariablesinrelationtoSWB.Aseriesofmeta-analyseshaveanalyzedtherelationbetweenSWBandvariable
7、srangingfromagetosocioeconomicstatus.Ameta-analysisusesstatisticalmethodstosynthesizetheempiricalliteratureaddressingagiventopicandcanoftenprovideinsightintocontradictionsthatexistamongthevariousstudies.Forexample,ameta-analysismightfruitfullybeconductedonstudiesthatexamin
8、edwhetherdrinkingredwinemightdelaythedevelopmentofcardiovasculardisease.Letusassumethatso
