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1、ARTICLEINPRESSReliabilityEngineeringandSystemSafety93(2008)456–467www.elsevier.com/locate/ressMultiaxialfatiguereliabilityanalysisofrailroadwheelsYongmingLiu,LimingLiu,BrantStratman,SankaranMahadevanDepartmentofCivilandEnvironmentalEngineering,VanderbiltUniversit
2、y,Box6077-B,306JacobsHall,NashvilleTN37235,USAAccepted11December2006Availableonline24January2007AbstractAgeneralmethodologyforfatiguereliabilitydegradationofrailroadwheelsisproposedinthispaper.Bothfatiguecrackinitiationandcrackpropagationlifeareincludedinthepropos
3、edmethodologyusingpreviouslydevelopedmultiaxialfatiguemodelsbythesameauthors.Aresponsesurfacemethodinconjunctionwithdesignofexperimentsisusedtodevelopaclosedformapproximationofthefatiguedamageaccumulationwithrespecttotheinputrandomvariables.Thetotalfatiguelifeofra
4、ilroadwheelsunderstochasticloadingissimulated,accountingforthespatialandtemporalrandomnessofthefatiguedamage.Thefieldobservationsofrailroadwheelfatiguefailuresarecomparedwiththenumericalpredictionsusingtheproposedmethodology.r2007PublishedbyElsevierLtd.Keywords:Sto
5、chastic;Rollingcontactfatigue;Multiaxialfatigue;Reliability1.Introductionsubsurface-initiatedfailurecandestroythewheel’sintegrityandthusismoredangerous.Subsurface-initiatedfailure,Damageaccumulationduetofatigue,plasticdeforma-alsoknownasshatteredrim,isthetypeoffai
6、lurestudiedintionandwearsignificantlyreducestheservicelifeofthispaper.Studiesonsurface-initiatedfatiguehavebeenrailroadwheels.Inrecentyears,highertrainspeedsanddevelopedelsewhere[6–8].increasedaxleloadshaveledtolargerwheel/railcontactShatteredrimfailuresaretheresul
7、tsoflargefatigueforces.Also,effortshavebeenmadetooptimizewheelandcracksthatpropagateroughlyparalleltothewheeltreadraildesign.Thisevolutiontendstochangethemajorsurface[9,10].Theycangrowuptoalengthofseveralwheelrimdamagefromweartofatigue[1].Unlikethehundredmillimete
8、rs.Ekbergetal.[11]reportedthataslowdeteriorationprocessofwear,fatiguecausesabruptshatteredrimcaninitiatefrombothinclusionsandnon-fracturesinwheelsortrea
