Performance and Reliability Analysis of Computer Systems Trivedi

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1、PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYANALYSISOFCOMPUTERSYSTEMSAnExample-BasedApproachUsingtheSHARPESoftwarePackagePERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYANALYSISOFCOMPUTERSYSTEMSAnExample-BasedApproachUsingtheSHARPESoftwarePackageRobinSAHNERUrbana,ILKishorS.TRIVEDIDukeUniversityDurham,N.C.Anton

2、ioPULIAFITOUniversityofCataniaCatania,ItalyKLUWERACADEMICPUBLISHERSBoston/London/DordrechtCONTENTSPartIAPPENDICES6ASHARPECOMMANDLINESYNTAX9BSHARPELANGUAGEDESCRIPTION11B.1Conventions11B.2BasicLanguageComponents11B.3SpecicationofExponentialPolynomialFunctions16B.4Speci

3、cationofModels18B.5AskingforResults31B.6Built-inFunctions35B.7ControllingtheAnalysisProcess40B.8ProgramConstants43B.9SummaryofTop-levelInputStatements43CUSINGSHARPEINTERACTIVELY45DALGORITHMCHOICESFORPHASE-TYPEMARKOVCHAINS51vPARTIAPPENDICES8ASHARPECOMMANDLINESYNTAXTheSH

4、ARPEprogramhastwomodesofoperation:itcanreadinputfromoneormoreles(batchmode)orfromaterminal(interactivemode).Thelanguageusedininteractivemodeisasubsetofthebatch-modelanguage;someofthekeywordsarenotusedbecausethecontextofaninteractivesessionmakesthemunnecessary.Attheuse

5、r'soption,whenininteractivemodeSHARPEcancopytheuser'sinputintoaleinthesyntaxsuitableforbatch-modeoperation.TheSHARPEcommandlineforbatchmodeissharpe[-v][-nf][-p][-e<1j2>][-vo][-s]le[le...]TheSHARPEcommandlineforinteractivemodeissharpe[-v][-nf][-p][-e<1

6、j2>][-vo][-s][-ddatale]Iftherearenolearguments,SHARPErunsininteractivemode.Ifthe-d agispresent,SHARPErunsinteractivelyandsavestheuser'sinputindatale.Ininteractivemode,SHARPEwillprompttheuserforinputandreadfromtheuser'sterminal.Ingeneral,iftheusermistypesalineor

7、typesaninvalidline,SHARPEwillignorethelineandallowtheusertotryagain.However,someerrorsarefatal.WhenSHARPEissavingacopyoftheuser'sinputinale,itignoreslinescontainingerrors.Ifthereareanylearguments,SHARPErunsinbatchmodeandreadsitsinputfromtheles.Whenthereismorethanone

8、inputle,SHARPEdoesnotcare910AppendixAwheretheleboundarieslie;ittreatsthelesasiftheywereconcatenatedintoonele.Inbo