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1、TheAmericanCivilWarTheAmericanCivilWar(1861–1865),alsoknownastheWarBetweentheStatesandseveralothernames,wasacivilwarintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.ElevenSouthernslavestatesdeclaredtheirsecessionfromtheUnitedStatesandformedtheConfederateStatesofAmerica(theConfederacy).LedbyJeffersonDavi
2、s,theyfoughtagainsttheUnitedStates(theUnion),whichwassupportedbyallthefreestatesandthefiveborderslavestates.Unionstateswerelooselyreferredtoas"theNorth".TheCivilWarwasfartoolargetoblameonafewsimplefactors.Leadingtothecausesofthewarwereanumberoffactors,oneofthelargestbeingslavery.Ye
3、tslaverycannotbeblamedforiteither.StatesRightswerethedirectcauseofthewar,thesecessionofstates,andthedirectstartofgunfireatFortSumter.Atthebeginningof1860,overfourmillionmen,women,andchildren,oneoutofeverysevenpeopleintheUnitedStateswereslaves.Theslavesofthesouthernplantationswerefr
4、equentlyabusedandoverworkedforthebenefitoftheplantationowner.Slavesremainedindemandduetotheincreasedproductivityintroducedbythecottongin.Duetothisincreaseddemand,thenumberofslavesdramaticallyincreased.Althoughthenumberofslavesinthesouthgreatlyoutnumberedthatofslaveowners,the5102032
5、38周娜TheAmericanCivilWarimbalancewasmaintainedbyharshworkingconditions,andpovertystrickenlivingenvironments.Slaveswerefrequentlybeaten,andneglected,ofteninfectedanddiedofdysentery,worms,andotherdiseasesspurredbyunsanitarylivingconditions.Incertaincircumstances,slavesweretreatedwitho
6、ccasionaldignitybytheirowners,butforthemostparttheywereneglectedandtreatedwithsevereharshness.Thesouthfearedthatthenorthwouldabolishslavery,andthenorthwasafraiditwouldspreadwestwardintothenewlyestablishedstates.Soon,anti-slaveryleaderswerebecomingactiveandloud.JohnBrown,withhismili
7、taristicabolitionistviewsstartedasmallrevoltinHarpersFerry,wherehewassoontriedandhangedfortreason.Althoughafailurethroughoutlife,hissuccesswasinhisdyingcausethatsparkednewdisturbance,andviolenceoverslavery.OtherswithBrown'scausetookupthetorch,andlitthefireforacountrysplit.Duringthe
8、mideighteenhundreds,theUni
