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1、WhyHaveChildren?BasicBioethicsArthurCaplan,editorAcompletelistofthebooksintheBasicBioethicsseriesappearsatthebackofthisbook.WhyHaveChildren?TheEthicalDebateChristineOverallTheMITPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,England©2012MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAllrightsreserve
2、d.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includingphotocopying,recording,orinformationstorageandre-trieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.MITPressbooksmaybepurchasedatspecialquantitydiscountsforbusinessorsalespro-motionaluse.Fori
3、nformation,pleaseemailspecial_sales@mitpress.mit.eduorwritetoSpe-cialSalesDepartment,TheMITPress,55HaywardStreet,Cambridge,MA02142.ThisbookwassetinSabonbytheMITPress.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataOverall,Christine,194
4、9–Whyhavechildren?:theethicaldebate/ChristineOverall.p.cm.—(Basicbioethics)Includesbibliographicalreferences(p.)andindex.ISBN978-0-262-01698-8(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Humanreproduction—Moralandethicalaspects.I.Title.QP251.O852012176—dc23201102431210987654321ForTabithaBernardan
5、dherdaughter,ArdenNoorKhan,withloveandappreciationContentsSeriesForewordixAcknowledgmentsxi1Introduction12ReproductiveFreedom,Autonomy,andReproductiveRights193WhenProspectiveParentsDisagree354DeontologicalReasonsforHavingChildren575ConsequentialistReasonsforHavingChildren716
6、Not“BetterNevertoHaveBeen”957AnObligationNottoProcreate?1178Illness,Impairment,andtheProcreationDecision1499OverpopulationandExtinction17310Procreation,Values,andIdentity203Notes221References237Index247SeriesForewordGlennMcGeeandIdevelopedtheBasicBioethicsseriesandcollaborat
7、edasseriescoeditorsfrom1998to2008.Infall2008andspring2009,theserieswasreconstituted,withaneweditorialboardandundermysoleeditorship.Iampleasedtopresentthethirtiethbookintheseries.TheBasicBioethicsseriesmakesinnovativeworksinbioethicsavail-abletoabroadaudienceandintroducessemi
8、nalscholarlymanuscripts,state-of-the-artreferenceworks,andtextbooks.Topicse