资源描述：
《Ortega- The Revolt Of The Masses (1930)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。
1、1930THEREVOLTOFTHEMASSESbyJoseOrtegayGassettPREFATORYNOTE-INmybookEspanaInvertebrada,publishedin1922,inanarticleinElSolentitled"Masas"(1926),andintwolecturesgiventotheAssociationofFriendsofArtinBuenosAires(1928),Ihavetreatedthesubjectdevelopedinthepresentessay.Mypurposenowistocollecta
2、ndcompletewhatIhavealreadysaid,soastoproduceanorganicdoctrineconcerningthemostimportantfactofourtime.CHAPTERI:THECOMINGOFTHEMASSES-THEREisonefactwhich,whetherforgoodorill,isofutmostimportanceinthepubliclifeofEuropeatthepresentmoment.Thisfactistheaccessionofthemassestocompletesocialpow
3、er.Asthemasses,bydefinition,neithershouldnorcandirecttheirownpersonalexistence,andstilllessrulesocietyingeneral,thisfactmeansthatactuallyEuropeissufferingfromthegreatestcrisisthatcanafflictpeoples,nations,andcivilisation.Suchacrisishasoccurredmorethanonceinhistory.Itscharacteristicsan
4、ditsconsequencesarewellknown.Soalsoisitsname.Itiscalledtherebellionofthemasses.Inordertounderstandthisformidablefact,itisimportantfromthestarttoavoidgivingtothewords"rebellion,""masses,"and"socialpower"ameaningexclusivelyorprimarilypolitical.Publiclifeisnotsolelypolitical,butequally,a
5、ndevenprimarily,intellectual,moral,economic,religious;itcomprisesallourcollectivehabits,includingourfashionsbothofdressandofamusement.Perhapsthebestlineofapproachtothishistoricalphenomenonmaybefoundbyturningourattentiontoavisualexperience,stressingoneaspectofourepochwhichisplaintoourv
6、eryeyes.Thisfactisquitesimpletoenunciate,thoughnotsotoanalyse.Ishallcallitthefactofagglomeration,of"plenitude."Townsarefullofpeople,housesfulloftenants,hotelsfullofguests,trainsfulloftravellers,cafesfullofcustomers,parksfullofpromenaders,consulting-roomsoffamousdoctorsfunofpatients,th
7、eatresfullofspectators,andbeachesfullofbathers.Whatpreviouslywas,ingeneral,noproblem,nowbeginstobeaneverydayone,namely,tofindroom.Thatisall.Cantherebeanyfactsimpler,morepatentmoreconstantinactuallife?Letusnowpiercetheplainsurfaceofthisobservationandweshallbesurprisedtoseehowtherewells
8、forth
