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1、ANEWPHILOSOPHYOFSOCIETYAssemblageTheoryandSocialCompleKityMan",/DtlAnda•--.\ContinuumContentsTheTowerBuilding80MaidenLaneIIYorkRoadSuite704London,SEi7NXNewYork,NY10038i{t'tW,continuumbooks.ct"'mManuelDeLanda2006IntroductionAllrightsreserved.Nopanofthispublicationmaybereproducedort
2、ransmittedinAssemblagesagainstTotalities8anyformorbyanymeans,electronicormechanical.indudingphotocopying.recording,oranyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.2AssemblagesagainstEssences26ManuelDeLandahasassenedhisrightunderIheCopyright.
3、DesignsaodPatentsACt,1988.3PersonsandNetworks47tobeidemifiedasAuthorofthiswork.BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData4OrganizationsandGovernments68Acataloguerecordlorthisbookisavailablefromthc'BritishLibraryISBN0-8264-8170-1(hardback)0-8264-9169-3(paperback)5CitiesandNations94
4、LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataIndex141AcatalogrecordforthisbookisavailablefromtbeLibraryofCongressTypesetbyBookEnsLtd.Royston,Hens.PrintedandboundinGreatBritainbyAshfordColourPressLtd,GosPOrt,HampshirevIntroductionThepurposeofthisbookistointroduceanovelapproachtosoci
5、alontology.Likeanyotherontologicalinvestigationitconcernsitselfwiththequestionofwhatkindsofentitieswecanlegitimatelycommitourselvestoassertexist.Theontologicalstancetakenherehastraditionallybeenlabelled'realist':astanceusuallydefinedbyacommitmenttothemind-independentexistenceofreali
6、ty.Inthecaseofsocialontology,however,thisdefinitionmustbequalifiedbecausemostsocialentities,fromsmallcommunitiestolargenation-states,woulddisappearaltogetherifhumanmindsceasedtoexist.Inthissensesocialentitiesareclearlynotmind-independent.Hence,arealistapproachtosocialontologymustass
7、erttheautonomyofsocialentitiesfromtheconceptionswehaveofthem.Tosaythatsocialentitieshavearealitythatisconception-independentissimplytoassertthatthetheories,modelsandclassificationsweusetostudythemmaybeobjectivelywrong,thatis,thattheymayfailtocapturetherealhistoryandinternaldynamicso
8、fthoseentities.Ther
