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1、COSMOSandHISTORYTheMythoftheEternalReturnMIRCEAELIADETRANSLATEDFROMTHEFRENCHBYWILLARDR,TRASKHAEPERTORCHROOKSHarper&Brothers*Publishers*NewYorkCOSMOSANDHISTORYCopyright1964byBollingenFoundationInc.Copyright1959byHarper&BrothersPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmericaAttrightsinthisbo
2、okarereserved.Nopartofthebookmaybeusedorreproducedinanymannerwhatsoeverwithoutwrittenper-missionexceptinthecaseofbriefquotationsembodiedin,criticalarticlesandreviews.ForinformationaddressHarper&Brothers49EastBSrdStreet,NewYork16,N.Y.ThistranslationofLeMythedeVeternelretour:ar
3、chetypesetrepetition(Paris,LibrairieGallimard,1949)wasoriginallypublishedin1954byPantheonBooksunderthetitleTheMythoftheEternalReturnandisreprintedbyarrangementwiththeBollingenFoundation.LibraryofCongresscatalogcardnumber:59-6648TOTantziANDBratusCosteinMemoryofourEveningsatthe
4、ChaletChaimitePREFACETOTHETORCHBOOKEDITIONIAMdelightedthatthislittlebookistoberepublishedintheHarperTorchbookseries,especiallybecauseithasgivenmetheopportunitytorestoretheoriginaltitle.ThemanuscriptthatIbeganinMay,1945,washeadedCosmosandHistory.ItwasonlylaterthatIchangeditsti
5、tletoArchetypesandRepetition.Butfinally,atthesuggestionoftheFrenchpublisher,ImadeArchetypesandRepetitionthesubtitle,andthebookwaspublishedin1949asTheMythoftheEternalReturn(LeMythedereternelretour).Thishassometimesgivenrisetomisunderstandings.Foronething,thearchaicideologyofri
6、tualrepetition,whichwasthecentralsubjectofmystudy,doesnotalwaysimplythe"mythoftheeternal"Andreturn.thentoo,suchatitlecouldleadthereadertosupposethatthebookwasprincipallyconcernedwiththecelebratedGreekmythorwithitsmodernreinterpre-tationbyNietzsche,whichisbynomeansthecase.Thee
7、ssentialthemeofmyinvestigationbearsontheimageofhimselfformedbythemanofthearchaicsocietiesandontheplacethatheassumesintheCosmos.ThechiefdifferencebetweenthemanofthearchaicandtraditionalsocietiesandthemanofthemodernsocietieswiththeirstrongimprintofJudaeo-Christianityliesinthefa
8、ctthattheformerfeelshimselfindissolublycon-nectedwiththeCosmosandthe
