英语修辞的翻译u

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Unit20修辞的翻译 Warming–up1.Theboywascreepinglikesnailunwillinglytoschool.2.Theboystoodrooted.3.Wearedyingforthegreatestnothing.4.--Whatdoesthatlawyerdoafterhedies?--Liestill.1.那男孩像只蜗牛慢慢向前挪动，嘟哝着不愿去上学。2.那男孩一动不动地呆着。3.我们为那伟大的一文不值的信念而死。4.--那个律师死后能干什么？（1）--静静地躺着。（2）--躺着说鬼话。 quiet,light,fresh,blind,clear,stubborn,cunning,old,slippery,busyAs___________asabat.As____________asabee.As____________asabell.As____________asadaisy(akindofflower).As____________asaneel(akindoffish).As____________asafeather.As____________asafox.As____________asthehills.As____________asamouse.As____________asamule. 常用的修辞比喻、矛盾、双关、借代、拟人、夸张、委婉、重复、反语、排比、对照等。由于中英两种语言、文化存在着差异，修辞手段与内容则各具特色。翻译时尽量保持原有的修辞风格，做到形神兼备。两者矛盾时去“形”保“神”。 一、形似（直译）Thefuryofthecrowderuptedlikeavolcano.群众的愤怒像火山一般爆发起来。2.Ican’tsavemyselfanymorethanaclayidolcansaveitselfwhileswimmingacrossariver.我本人是泥菩萨过河，自身难保。3.Ifweattackquickly,wecannip掐掉theenemy’splansinthebud.如果我们迅速进攻，就可以把敌人的计划消灭在萌芽状态。 二、神似（意译）1.Whatislearnedinthecradleiscarriedtothegrave.2.Ican’tearnenoughtokeepmybodyandsoultogether.3.Whenmyshipcomesin,IwilltakeatriptoAfrica.4.Everylifehasitsrosesandthorns.少时所学，到老不忘。我赚的不够吃。当我发了财时，我要到非洲去。每个人的生活都有甜有苦。 三、灵活处理的代替法Doe…adear,afemaledeer.Ray…adropofgoldensun.Me…anameIcallmyself.Far…alonglongwaytorun.Sew…aneedlepullingthread.La…anotetofollowsew.Tea…adrinkwithjamandbread.Thatwillbringusbacktodoe. 对比两种译文：译文1.Doe是鹿，是一头母鹿，Ray是金色阳光，Me是我，是我自己，Far是奔向远方，Sew是引针穿线，La跟在Sew后面走，Tea喝茶加点心。那就重会到Doe。译文2.朵，美丽的花朵。来啊，大家都快来！密，你们来猜秘密。发，猜中我把奖发。索，大家用心思索。拉，快点猜莫拖拉。体，怎样练好身体，做茁壮成长的花朵。 各种修辞的翻译（能直译就直译，不能再用意译，直+意）比喻：simile明,metaphor隐,metonymy转1.Hejumpedbackasifhehadbeenstung,andthebloodrushedintohiswrinkledface.他往后一跳，好像被什么东西叮了一下似的，他那张布满皱纹的脸顿时涨得通红。2.Hebombardedherwithquestions.他连珠炮似的向她提出了许多问题。3.Mostofusaretooreadytoapplytoothersthecoldwindofcriticism,wearesomehowreluctanttogiveourfellowsthewarmsunshineofpraise.我们中的很多人太容易给别人批评的冷风，而不愿意给自己的同伴赞扬的阳光。 More1.MenareAprilwhentheywoo,Decemberwhentheywed,maidsareMaywhentheymaids,buttheskychangeswhentheyarewives.(Shakespeare)男人求爱时如和煦的4月，婚后却像寒冬腊月；闺中少女则宛若温暖的5月，而为人妇后却像易变的天气阴晴莫测。2.Themansaidtowoman,“Wecouldmakebeautifulmusictogether.”我们也许会是和谐幸福的一对儿。3.My15studentsreadEmerson,Thoreau,andHuxley.我的15位学生读了爱默生、梭罗和赫胥黎的作品。 借代（synecdoche),试着译1.Hewasbornwithasilverspooninhismouth.2.Itcan’tbedefinedbythespanofasinglejourneyfromdiapertoshroud.3.Thekettleisboiling.4.Thewholeroombrokeintolaughter.5.Childrenwhowerenowgraywithage.6.Ihopeyourideatakeswing.我希望你的想法成真。 夸张（Hyperbole)1.I’vebeendyingtomeetyou.我非常非常想见到你。2.Shehasmoreteeth,whiteandlargeandeven,thanarenecessaryforanypracticalpurpose.她有一口洁白整齐的大牙，为数之多已超过任何实际需要。3.Ilivedayearinaminute.我度日如年。 矛盾（Oxymoron)1.Hiscruelkindnessissimplybeyondwords.他那害人不浅的仁慈。2.Shecried,withatouchofsorrowfulgladness.她悲喜交加地哭了。3.Partingissuchsweetsorrow.(Romeo)别离是如此地又甜蜜又令人心酸。4.Weareterriblypleasedtohearthegoodnews.我们听到这一好消息真是欣喜若狂。 委婉（Euphemism)1.ThatlusterhastakenafancytoMiddleEasterndancing.那个好色之徒现在开始喜欢看肚皮舞。2.Socialdiseasesarenowontheincreaseinthewholeworld.现在全世界性病在不断增多。3.Sheisalittleconfused.她疯了。 More猜猜看，下列是什么？mentalhealthycentertroubleisovernow/Tobreatheone’slasttopowderone’snose/MayIbeexcused?bubbledancer/domesticengineermeattechnologist/beauticianbelowaveragestudents/theseniorcitizenslovechild/correctionalcenter 拟人（Personification)1.Butthehopethatwasinhisbraindied.2.ThenightcrawledslowlylikeawoundedsnakeandsleepdidnotvisitRainsford.3.Nightfoundhimlegweary. 反语、双关、重复等1.Oh,that’sright,Iforgot.You’realwayscalm.2.Youdirtydog,you!3.TheBestaManCanGet。4.Acannon-balltookoffhislegs,sohelaiddownhisarms.5.Thatwasamillionyearsago.Amillionyearsago. 练习1.Heseemednailedtotheground.2.Hewaslikeadefeatedfightingcock.3.Hewasamixtureofthetigerandtheape.4.–HiswordsareasplainasABC.--ButIamDEF.5.Iskimmedoverthebooktotastethetoneofit.6.Theshipplowsthesea.7.Hedoesn’thaveanideaofhisown.Hejustparrotswhatotherpeoplesay. More8.Thewholehousehasgonecrazy!9.Iwishthatyouwouldputyourcardsonthetable.10.Youarefasterthanahorse.11.Alivingdeath.12.Writingisbusyidleness.13.TheoldestboybecameaCongressman.