Cognitive Science and the Philosophy of Mind (Jerry Fodor 2000)

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1、PrefacePhilosophy,likepiloting,ismostlyabout6guringoutwhereyouare.Thebasicprincipleofbothismuchthesame:Findanobjectwhosepositionisknownandlocateyourselfwithrespecttoit.Typically,inbothcases,theobjectinquestionissomewherethatyoudonotwishtobe:Onarock,onashoal,attheedgeof

2、thechannel,orhalfamileinlandfromtheshore.Sothetrickistogetcloseenoughtorecognizethethingandto6gureoutwhatitmeans,butnotsoclosethatitswallowsyouup.ThusAristotlewithrespecttoPlato,KantwithrespecttoHume,DescarteswithrespecttoNewton,andmewithrespecttomanyabellbuoyonmanyasum

3、merSundayafternoon.'Thedifferenceisthatwhereasnavigatorsdontoftenarguewiththeirlandmarks,philosophershardlyeverdoanythingelse.Hencethiscollection.Eachoftheseessaysreactstoapositioninphilosophyorcognitivescience(inthepresentcontextthedistinctionishardlyworth'''drawing)th

4、atImprettysureIdontwanttooccupy,butthatImalsoprettysureneedstobemarkedonthechartsand,assailorssay,"honored."Ithinkthatnotgettingwreckedrequiresavoidingallofthematonce.AndI''thinkthattheresawaytodothat:Whatsrequiredisamixofintentionalrealism,computationalreductionism,nat

5、ivism,andsemanticatomism,'togetherwitharepresentationaltheoryofmind.Ivetalkedandwrittenaboutallthatelsewhere,however;inthesepolemicalessaysthepositiveprogramispresentlargelybyimplication.Veryroughly,andjustfororientation:TheviewsexaminedinPartIbearonquestionsofrealisman

6、dreductionism,andthoseinPartIImostlyconcernsemanticatomism.PartIIIisaboutwhat,ifany,sensecanbemadeoftheideathatmental-processesarecomputational.PartIVisaboutwhat,ifany,constraintsevolutionarytheoryimposesonsemanticsandthephilosophyofmind.Manyofthesepapersarebookreviewsa

7、ndthetargetsareidentmedbythetitles.Othersareresponsestojournalarticleswhicharelikewiseeponymous.Theapparentexceptionsarechapters4and5,theonesaboutrecognitionalconcepts.Infact,however,thesewerepromptedby,andconstituteanextendedcommentaryon,aphilosophicalprojectthatxPrefa

8、ceChristopherPeacockehasbeenworkingoutforsomeyearsandwhichismostexplicitlysetforthinhisbookAStudyofConcepts(se