Cambridge Companion to Ockham 2006书籍

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时间:2019-07-01

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1、paulvincentspadeIntroductionStandardhistorieshavelongrecognizedthatthethreemostimpor-tantfiguresinthephilosophyoftheHighMiddleAgeswereThomasAquinas(1224/5–74),JohnDunsScotus(c.1266–1308),andWilliamofOckham(c.1288–1347).1Ofthethree,Aquinasiscomparativelywell

2、knowntomodernreaders,whereasScotusandOckhamlargelyremainmerenames.EvenAquinas,however,ismoreforeigntostudentsthanPlatoandAristotleare,muchlessDescartesorHume.Indeed,asKretzmannandStumphaveobservedinTheCambridgeCompaniontoAquinas,2suchunfamiliarityischaract

3、eristicofallmedievalphilosophy.3Thissadfactispartlyduetothescarcityoftranslationsbutmorefunda-mentallytothelackofreliablemoderneditionsofprimarytextsandthusofgoodcriticalanalysesandstudiesoftheminthesecondaryliterature.Thesituationdoesnotarisefromanylackof

4、rawmaterialsbutin-stead,itmightbeargued,fromjusttheopposite.Therearemanyearlyprintededitionsfromthelatefifteenthandearlysixteenthcenturiesandanenormousnumberofsurvivingmanuscriptsofmedievalphi-losophyandtheology.Buttheearlyeditionsareoftenunreliable,whereas

5、themanuscriptsfrequentlypresentwildlydifferentversionsofthesamework.Theyarewritteninahighlycompressedandar-canesystemofabbreviation,akindofshorthandthatrequiresspecialtrainingtoread;earlyprintededitionsoftenretainthesamesystem.Frequentlythemanuscriptsarein

6、completelycatalogedornotcata-logedatall,andthustheircontentsarediscoveredonlybychance.Insuchcircumstances,itisacomplicatedandpainstakingbusi-nesstoproduceareliable,moderneditionofaphilosophicaltext,andwithoutsucheditionstherecanofcoursebenousefultranslatio

7、nsor1CambridgeCompanionsOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,20062thecambridgecompaniontoockhamcriticalstudies.Itisnowonder,therefore,thatevenamajorphiloso-pherlikeOckhamremainslargelyunknowntomodernreaders.Nevertheless,thesituationhasimproveddramaticallyinrece

8、ntdecades.Newandexcellenteditionsofmanyworksandauthorshaveappeared.Ockhaminparticularhasbenefited,andwearenowinapositiontobegintoappreciateandassessmoreconfidentlyhistrueplaceinthehistoryofphilosophy.Thisdevelo

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《Cambridge Companion to Ockham 2006书籍》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库

1、paulvincentspadeIntroductionStandardhistorieshavelongrecognizedthatthethreemostimpor-tantfiguresinthephilosophyoftheHighMiddleAgeswereThomasAquinas(1224/5–74),JohnDunsScotus(c.1266–1308),andWilliamofOckham(c.1288–1347).1Ofthethree,Aquinasiscomparativelywell

2、knowntomodernreaders,whereasScotusandOckhamlargelyremainmerenames.EvenAquinas,however,ismoreforeigntostudentsthanPlatoandAristotleare,muchlessDescartesorHume.Indeed,asKretzmannandStumphaveobservedinTheCambridgeCompaniontoAquinas,2suchunfamiliarityischaract

3、eristicofallmedievalphilosophy.3Thissadfactispartlyduetothescarcityoftranslationsbutmorefunda-mentallytothelackofreliablemoderneditionsofprimarytextsandthusofgoodcriticalanalysesandstudiesoftheminthesecondaryliterature.Thesituationdoesnotarisefromanylackof

4、rawmaterialsbutin-stead,itmightbeargued,fromjusttheopposite.Therearemanyearlyprintededitionsfromthelatefifteenthandearlysixteenthcenturiesandanenormousnumberofsurvivingmanuscriptsofmedievalphi-losophyandtheology.Buttheearlyeditionsareoftenunreliable,whereas

5、themanuscriptsfrequentlypresentwildlydifferentversionsofthesamework.Theyarewritteninahighlycompressedandar-canesystemofabbreviation,akindofshorthandthatrequiresspecialtrainingtoread;earlyprintededitionsoftenretainthesamesystem.Frequentlythemanuscriptsarein

6、completelycatalogedornotcata-logedatall,andthustheircontentsarediscoveredonlybychance.Insuchcircumstances,itisacomplicatedandpainstakingbusi-nesstoproduceareliable,moderneditionofaphilosophicaltext,andwithoutsucheditionstherecanofcoursebenousefultranslatio

7、nsor1CambridgeCompanionsOnline©CambridgeUniversityPress,20062thecambridgecompaniontoockhamcriticalstudies.Itisnowonder,therefore,thatevenamajorphiloso-pherlikeOckhamremainslargelyunknowntomodernreaders.Nevertheless,thesituationhasimproveddramaticallyinrece

8、ntdecades.Newandexcellenteditionsofmanyworksandauthorshaveappeared.Ockhaminparticularhasbenefited,andwearenowinapositiontobegintoappreciateandassessmoreconfidentlyhistrueplaceinthehistoryofphilosophy.Thisdevelo

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