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1、APPLIEDPHYSICSLETTERSVOLUME76,NUMBER1327MARCH2000ApplicationofcarbonnanotubesaselectrodesingasdischargetubesR.RosenDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina27599a)W.SimendingerandC.DebbaultRaychemCo.,P.O.Box3000,F
2、uquay-Varina,NorthCarolina27526-3000b)c)H.Shimoda,L.Fleming,B.Stoner,andO.ZhouDepartmentofPhysicsandAstronomy,CurriculuminAppliedandMaterialsSciences,UniversityofNorthCarolina,ChapelHill,NorthCarolina27599~Received15November1999;acceptedforpublication31J
3、anuary2000!Gas-tubeprotectorunitsareusedintelecomnetworkinterfacedeviceboxesandcentralof®ceswitchinggearstoprovideprotectionfromlightningandalternatingcurrentpowercrossfaultsonthetelecomnetwork.Currentgasdischargetube~GDT!protectorunitsareunreliablefromt
4、hestandpointofmeanturn-onvoltageandrun-to-runvariability.Molybdenumelectrodeswithvariousinterlayermaterialswerecoatedwithsingle-walledcarbonnanotubesandanalyzedforbothelectron®eldemissionanddischargeproperties.Ameandirectcurrentbreakdownvoltageof448.5Van
5、dastandarddeviationof4.8Vover100surgeswereobservedinnanotube-basedGDTswith1mmgapspacingbetweentheelectrodes.Thebreakdownreliabilityisafactorof4±20betterandthebreakdownvoltageis;30%lowerthanthetwocommercialproductsmeasured.Theenhancedperformanceshowsthatn
6、anotube-basedGDTsareattractiveovervoltageprotectionunitsinadvancedtelecomnetworks.©2000AmericanInstituteofPhysics.@S0003-6951~00!03613-5#Gasdischargetube~GDT!protectors,usuallyconsistingturn-on®elds.Recentexperimentshavereportedturn-on3±5oftwoelectrodesp
7、aralleltoeachotherinasealedceramicelectric®eldsintherangeof1.5±3V/mm.Thenanotubescase®lledwithamixtureofnoblegases,areoneoftheemitters,especiallytheSWNTs,arecapableofproducingoldestmethodsusedtoprotectagainsttransientovervoltagesstableelectronemissionwit
8、hacurrentdensityexceeding41A/cm2~Ref.5!whichmakethemattractivecold-cathodema-inacircuit.Primarily,GDTsareusedintelecomnetworkinterfacedeviceboxesandcentralof®ceswitchinggearstoterialsformicrovacuumelectronicapplications.As
