Video Game Spaces Image, Play, and Structure in 3D Worlds by Michael Nitsche

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1、VideoGameSpacesVideoGameSpacesImage,Play,andStructurein3DGameWorldsMichaelNitscheTheMITPressCambridge,MassachusettsLondon,England©2008MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyAllrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereproducedinanyformbyanyelectronicormechanicalmeans(includingphotocopying,recor

2、ding,orinformationstorageandretrieval)withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Forinformationaboutspecialquantitydiscounts,pleaseemailspecial_sales@mitpress.mit.eduThisbookwassetinBellGothicandGaramond3bySNPBest-setTypesetterLtd.,HongKong.PrintedandboundintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Lib

3、raryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationDataNitsche,Michael,1968–Videogamespaces:image,play,andstructurein3Dworlds/MichaelNitsche.p.cm.Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.ISBN978-0-262-14101-7(hardcover:alk.paper)1.Videogames.I.Title.GV1469.3.N582008794.8—dc22200801973010987654321

4、ContentsAcknowledgmentsvii1Introduction1IStructure232GamesandRules253DefiningInteraction314DefiningNarrative415CombiningInteractionandNarrative47IIPresentation676GamesasMovingImages697CinemaandGameSpaces798SoundinGameSpaces1299EffectsofNarrativeFilters145IIIFunctionality15710Architectura

5、lApproaches15911ExamplesofSpatialStructuresinGameSpaces17112VirtualPlaces19113Players“in”theVideoGameSpace20314StoryMaps22715PlacesofSharedStories233Bibliography247Index293ContentsviAcknowledgmentsThisprojecttraveledfromtheUnitedKingdomtotheUnitedStatesandinitstrailitwassupportedbyagre

6、atrangeofhelpinghandsandminds.Helpsurelywasneededastheinterdisciplinaryapproachofthisbookdependedonalotofinspiration,guidance,andpatience.First,thanksgotoMaureenThomas,whooversawmyinitialapproachtovirtualspacesattheUniversityofCambridge.DuringmytimeinCambridge,FrancoisPenzdirectedthepr

7、ogramthatputmeonthepathtogamespacesasexpressiveformsandStanislavRoudavskiwasnotonlyaninspiringcol-laboratorbutalsoabrightcritic.Bothhelpedmeintheearlystagesoftheproject.Morerecently,IhavetothankmycolleaguesattheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology:IanBogostforhisinsightfulcommentaries,JanetM