光合碳同化及其调节

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1、第二章光合作用——碳同化及其调控FormationofassimilatepowerinthylakoidmembraneCarbonhydratePCR——活跃的化学能转化为稳定的化学能一、C3途径及调节二、C4途径及调节三、CAM途径及调节一、C3途径C3途径(又名Calvincycle,RPPP)是指光合作用中CO2固定后的最初产物是三碳化合物的CO2同化途径，是植物光合作用最基本和最普遍的途径。只具有C3途径的植物称C3植物。如水稻、棉花、菠菜、青菜。部分C3植物图小麦水稻棉花芜菁Calvin及合作者当年使用的实验装置（引自Buchanan等2000）Cal

2、vin因阐明光合作用CO2同化全过程——Calvin循环，获1961年诺贝尔化学奖图1C3途径（卡尔文循环）图（引自Buchanan等2000）1.羧化阶段(Carboxylationphase):Rubisco（ribulose-1,5-bisphosphatecarboxylase/oxygenase)羧化反应催化。H2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPRuBP+CO2RubiscoMg2+,H2OCOOHHCOH+H2COPCOOHHCOHH2COP23-PGAribulose-1,5-bisphosphate3-phosphoglycerate2.还原阶

3、段(Reductionphase):这是利用“同化力”把3-PGA还原为GAP（glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate)的过程。COOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPPGAKinaseATPADPGAPdehydrogenaseNADPHNADP3-PGA1,3-PGAGAPPiH2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPCOOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH12345

4、3.RuBP再生阶段（Regenerationphase）:H2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPCOOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH123456PiH2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHHCOHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COP

5、COOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH123456Pi7H2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHHCOHCOHH2COPHCOHC=OHOCHHCOHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPCOOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH12

6、34568Pi7H2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHHCOHCOHH2COPHCOHC=OHOCHHCOHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHC=OHOCHHCOHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPCOOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH12345689PiPi7H2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHHCOHC

7、OHH2COPHCOHC=OHOCHHCOHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHHCOHHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHC=OHOCHHCOHHCOHH2COPHCOHH2COHH2COPC=OHCOHHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPCOOHHCOHH2COPCOOPHCOHH2COPHCOHCOHH2COPH2COHC=OH2COPCO2ADPATPNADPNADPH1234568910PiPi7H2COPC=OHOCHHCOHH2COPHCOHHCOHCOHH2COPHCOHC=O