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1、AutoPracticalEnglish汽车实用英语Unit1HistoryandBasicComponentsofAutomotives汽车的几种表示法car[kɑ:]n.车辆,(小)汽车,电车auto['ɔ:təu]n.汽车automobile[ɔ:təmə‘bi:l]n.汽车;机动车辆motor[‘məutə]n.马达,发动机,汽车vehicle['vi:ikl]n.车辆;运载工具汽车的分类passengercar乘用汽车Motorvehicle汽车bus客车commercialvehicle商用汽车goodsvehicle货
2、车乘用车商用车乘用车：在其设计和技术特性上主要用于载运乘客及其随身行李和/或临时物品的汽车，包括驾驶员座位在内最多不超过9个座位。它也可牵引一辆挂车。分为普通乘用车、活顶乘用车、高级乘用车、小型乘用车、敞篷车、仓背乘用车、旅行车、多用途乘用车、短头乘用车、越野乘用车和专用乘用车等11类；商用车：在设计和技术特性上用于运送人员和货物的汽车，并且可以牵引挂车。乘用车不包括在内。商用车分为客车、货车和半挂牵引车等3类。客车细分为小型客车、城市客车、长途客车、旅游客车、铰接客车、无轨客车、越野客车、专用客车。货车细分为普通货车、多用途货车、
3、全挂牵引车、越野货车、专用作业车、专用货车汽车的组成engine[endӡin]n.发动机,引擎,蒸汽机chassis[‘∫æsi]n.底盘,底座Body[‘bɔdi]n.车身，身体，人electricalequipment电气设备AutomobilebodyenginechassiselectricalsystempowertrainsteeringsystemsuspensionsystembrakingsystemEngineTheengineactsasthepowerunit.Theinternalcombustionen
4、gineismostcommon:thisobtainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasoline(alsocalledaspark-ignitionengine)anddiesel(alsocalledacompression-ignitionengine).Bothenginesarecalledheatengines;theburningfuelgeneratesheatwhichcausestheg
5、asinsidethecylindertoincreaseitspressureandsupplypowertorotateashaftconnectedtothetransmission.BodyAnautomobilebodyisasheetmetalshellwithwindows,doors,ahood,andatrunkdeckbuiltintoit.Itprovidesaprotectivecoveringfortheengine,passengers,andcargo.Thebodyisdesignedtokeeppa
6、ssengerssafeandcomfortable.Thebodystylingprovidesanattractive,colorful,modernappearanceforthevehicle.enginebodyChassisThechassisisanassemblyofthosesystemsthatarethemajoroperatingpartofavehicle.Thechassisincludesthetransmission,suspension,steering,andbrakesystems. Tran
7、smissionsystems―conveysthedrivetothewheels.Themaincomponentsareclutch,gearbox,driveshaft,finaldrive,anddifferential. Suspension―absorbstheroadshocks. Steering―controlsthedirectionofthemovement. Brake―slowsdownthevehicle.Electrical EquipmentTheelectricalsystemsupplie
8、selectricityfortheignition,horn,lights,heater,andstarter.Theelectricitylevelismaintainedbyachargingcircuit.Thiscircui
