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1、ShearLocalizationinDynamicDeformation:MicrostructuralEvolutionYONGBOXU,JINGHUAZHANG,YILONGBAI,andMARCANDRE´MEYERSInvestigationsmadebytheauthorsandcollaboratorsintothemicrostructuralaspectsofadi-abaticshearlocalizationarecriticallyreviewed.Thematerialsanalyzedare
2、low-carbonsteels,304stainlesssteel,monocrystallineFe-Ni-Cr,Tianditsalloys,Al-Lialloys,Zircaloy,copper,andAl/SiCpcomposites.Theprincipalfindingsarethefollowing:(a)thereisastrain-rate-dependentcriticalstrainforthedevelopmentofshearbands;(b)deformedbandsandwhite-etc
3、hingbandscorrespondtodifferentstagesofdeformation;(c)differentslipactivitiesoccurindifferentstagesofbanddevelopment;(d)grainrefinementandamorphizationoccurinshearbands;(e)lossofstress-carryingcapabilityismorecloselyassociatedwithmicrodefectsratherthanwithlocalizatio
4、nofstrain;(f)bothcrystallinerotationandslipplayimportantroles;and(g)banddevelopmentandbandstructuresarematerialdependent.Additionally,avenuesfornewresearchdirectionsaresuggested.DOI:10.1007/s11661-007-9431-zÓTheMinerals,Metals&MaterialsSocietyandASMInternational
5、2008I.INTRODUCTIONsured.Similarly,nanocrystallinemetalsarepronetoshearlocalizationwhendeformedatlowstrainratesLOCALIZEDsheardeformationintheformofand,althoughtheimposeddisplacementvelocitiesareintensivedeformationinanarrowbandgeneratedsmall,theevolutionofshearba
6、ndsisdynamicandleadsduringdynamicdeformationunderhighstrainratestoearlyfailurebyvirtueofanearabsenceofworkhasbeenatopicofgreatinterestfordecadesand,thus,a[4][5]hardening(e.g.,Jiaetal.andWeietal.).Thegreatdealofinvestigationhasbeenconductedexperi-phenomenonisclea
7、rlyrecognizableinmoststeelsandmentallyandtheoreticallysinceZenerandHollomonÕs[1]inothermetals,includingaluminumalloys,copper,classicarticleof1944.Itisinterestingtonotethat[2]titanium,zirconium,anduraniumandtheiralloys;Trescahadalreadyobservedthisphenomenoninthea
8、luminumcompositesreinforcedwithSiCparticlesandnineteenthcentury.Localizedshearisanimportantwhiskers;andengineeringplastics.modeofdeformation;itleadstocatastrophicfail
