Phenomenology, Behaviors, and Goals Differentiate Discrete Emotions (Roseman et al., 1994)英文文献资料

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1、JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychologyCopyright1994bytheAmericanPsychologicalAssociation,Inc.1994,Vol.67,No.2,206-2210022-3514/94/S3.00Phenomenology,Behaviors,andGoalsDifferentiateDiscreteEmotionsIraJ.Roseman,CynthiaWiest,andTamaraS.SwartzPriorresearchha

2、stypicallyattemptedtodistinguishoneemotionfromanotherbyidentifyingdis-tinctiveexpressions,physiology,andsubjectivequalities.Recenttheoriesclaimemotionscanalsobedifferentiatedbydistinctiveactiontendencies,actions,andemotivationalgoals.Totesthypothesesfromb

3、otholderandmorerecenttheories,100Sswereaskedtorecallexperiencesofparticularnegativeemotionsandanswerquestionsconcerningwhattheyfelt,thought,feltlikedoing,actuallydid,andwanted.Resultssupporthypothesesspecifyingcharacteristicresponsesforfear,sadness,distre

4、ss,frustration,disgust,dislike,anger,regret,guilt,andshame.Thefindingsindicatethatdis-creteemotionshavedistinctivegoalsandactiontendencies,aswellasthoughtsandfeelings.Inaddi-tion,theyprovideempiricalsupportforhypothesizedemotionstatesthathavereceivedinsuf

5、ficientattentionfromresearchers.Whatmakesoneemotiondifferentfromanother?ResearchSecond,evidenceondifferenceshelpsdeterminewhichemo-ondifferencesinresponseprofilesamonghypotheticallydis-tionsareregardedasdiscreteandworthyofresearchattention.tinctemotionsta

6、tes(suchasfear,anger,sadness,shame,andBeyondjoy,sadness,fear,andanger,thereissignificantdis-guilt)playsacentralroleinthestudyofemotionsandcontinuesagreementonthisissue(Ortony&Turner,1990).Onlyifantopreoccupyinvestigatorsforatleastthreereasons.emotionstate

7、isshowntohavedistinctivepropertiesisitneces-First,suchresearchgreatlyinfluenceshowemotionsarecon-sarytoviewitasadiscreteemotionandstudyitsrelationshipsceptualized.Forexample,afterearlystudies(seeCannon,1927;toothervariables.Landis,1924)didnotfindthediffer

8、entiatedpatternsofexpres-Third,theattempttoidentifyresponsescharacteristicofpar-sionandphysiologythathadpreviouslybeenpredicted(Dar-ticularemotionsisofinterestinitsownright(Davidson&win,1872;James,1894),manypsycholo