Ellipsis and structure of discourse英文学习材料

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1、ELLIPSISANDTHESTRUCTUREOFDISCOURSEDanielHardtComputationalLinguisticsCopenhagenBusinessSchoolMaribelRomeroDepartmentofLinguisticsUniversityofPennsylvaniaAbstractManyauthorshavesuggestedthatellipsisandotherprocessesofreductionrequireacertainsimilarityorparallelis

2、mbetweenthereducedclauseandsomeantecedentclauseindiscourse.Weclaimthatdiscoursestructureconstrainsthewayinwhichellipsissatisfiesaparallelismconstraint:theparallelismmatchmustinvolvetwoclausesthatarerelatedbylocalc-commandinthediscoursetree.1IntroductionManyauthor

3、shavesuggestedthatellipsisandotherprocessesofreductionrequireacer-tainsimilarityorparallelismbetweenthereducedclauseandsomeantecedentclauseindiscourse.Ithasalsofrequentlybeenproposedthatdiscoursestructureisrelevanttointer-pretationofellipsisandrelatedconstructio

4、ns.Inthispaper,wecombinethesetwoclaims,andproposethattheparallelismrequirementisstronglyconstrainedbydiscoursestructure.Ourpointofdepartureisthefollowingtwobackgroundclaims:MatchingConditiononEllipsisResolution:Ellipsisresolutionrequiresthatamatch-ingrelationho

5、ldsbetweenacontainingclauseEandsomeantecedentclauseA.(Dal-rympleetal.,1991;Rooth,1992)DiscourseStructure:Clausesinadiscoursearestructuredaccordingtodiscourserelations;ellipsisresolution(andotheranaphoraresolution)occursasaside-effectofestablishingdiscourserelat

6、ions.(Hobbs,1979;Asher,1993;Prustetal.,1994;Kehler,2000;Asheretal.,2001;Webberetal.,2001)Thecentralclaimofthispaperisthefollowing:DiscourseConditiononEllipsisResolution:ClauseAcanbeantecedentforellipsisinclauseEiffAlocallyc-commandsEindiscoursetree.1Inwhatfollo

7、ws,weshowthatthisclaimmakesavarietyofcorrectpredictionscon-cerningtheinterpretationofellipsis,bothintermsoftheselectionoftheantecedentforanellipsisoccurrence,andintermsofthepossiblereadingsforellipsisgivenaparticularantecedent.Insection2,weexamineourbackgroundcl

8、aimsconcerningellipsisresolutionanddiscoursestructureinsomewhatmoredetail.Insection3,weexaminetheissueofantecedentselectionforellipsisoccurrences.Usingbothsluicingand